Current research topics in the field of Biochemistry and Cell Biology include:

Due to the high incidence of both breast and prostate cancer, there is a growing need for a specific screening method for the early diagnosis and implementation of therapy. A better understanding of the pathogenic process in breast and prostate cancer will facilitate the identification of novel biomarkers for the early detection of these cancers. Endosomes and lysosomes are directly involved in the critical processes of energy metabolism, cell division and intracellular signalling, and may therefore have a direct role in cancer pathogenesis. The aim of our research is to investigate altered endosomal-lysosomal biogenesis in breast and prostate cancer. New knowledge on altered biogenesis of these organelles in cancer will be used to develop early diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.

This research is led by Dr Emma Parkinson-Lawrence and Professor Doug Brooks and carried out in collaboration with Dr Lisa Butler, Head, Molecular Therapeutics research group in the Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories (DRMCRL), at the University of Adelaide and Hanson Institute

If you are interested in this research please contact Dr Emma Parkinson-Lawrence or Prof Doug Brooks. Also see Mechanisms in Cell Biology and Diseases Research Group

Lysosomal storage disorders are a group of over 50 genetic diseases that are associated with devastating pathology, and more than two-thirds of patients are afflicted with progressive neurological dysfunction. Each disorder is caused by the dysfunction of either a lysosomal enzyme or a protein involved in lysosomal biogenesis. These defects lead to the accumulation of substrate that would normally be degraded in endosomelysosome organelles. The most common lysosomal storage disorder with neuropathology is mucopolysaccharidosis IIIA (MPS IIIA). While it is appreciated that intracellular accumulation of primary substrate ultimately leads to down-stream changes, the exact nature of the event(s) initiating a functional impairment in neurons of the brain is not known. The aim of our research is to investigate potential links between storage, altered intracellular trafficking and neuropathology in MPS IIIA.

This research is carried out in collaboration with Assoc Prof Damien Keating, Head, Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience Laboratory, Flinders University and Dr Kim Hemsley, Head, CNS Therapeutics Lysosomal Diseases Research Unit, SAHMRI.

If you are interested in this research please contact Dr Emma Parkinson-Lawrence or Prof Doug Brooks. Also see Mechanisms in Cell Biology and Diseases Research Group

Blood vessels are complex structures that are essential for the survival of all solid tissues including tumours.In recent years considerable research activity has focussed on identifying agents that may have anti-vascular potential, particularly if that applies to restricting the vascularisation and growth of tumours.

Venoms, especially those from snakes, contain a vast range of peptides and other compounds, some of which have proved to be pharmacologically useful.The most well-known of these are agents that reduce blood pressure but also more recently compounds from venom that influence blood coagulation and others that target endothelial cells are being investigated.

Studies in our laboratory have shown that venoms from Australian snakes also contain some of these compounds. However, the isolation of these molecules using traditional collection and separation techniques is problematic as venom composition can be variable and unpredictable. Our current research therefore involves a detailed study of the mechanisms that initiate and regulate venom production in vivo.To complement this work we are also exploring the development of an in vitro, immortalised venom cell culture model from snakes which will allow controlled studies into the molecular processes that underlie the expression and production of the range of venom components.

If you are interested in this research please contact Assoc Prof Tony Woods.

The emergence of pathogens which are becoming more virulent and resistant against drugs is an increasing public health problem. The available antibacterial treatments are becoming less and less effective, making urgent the discovery of new treatments and therapies. An emerging field of fighting infection is the targeting of bacterial iron acquisition. Iron is vital for the survival of pathogens as well as being an important constituent of virulence and biofilm formation. Ferrous iron is acquired by the Feo transporter. Despite the vital role of the Feo proteins in the survival and virulence of pathogens, our knowledge about this transporter system is still in its infancy.

This project aims to characterise the molecular mechanism of transport and regulation by the Feo proteins from the pathogen P. aeruginosa using molecular, biochemical and biophysical techniques.

A better understanding of the Feo system might help us devise inhibitors for this iron acquisition system and ultimately starve the pathogen from a vital nutrient as well as prevent the formation of highly drug resistant bacterial biofilms.

Keywords: pathogenic bacteria, membrane protein, iron transport, virulence

If you are interested in this research please contact Dr Rietie Venter.

See original here:
Biochemistry and Cell Biology - School of Pharmacy and ...

Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology is one of the largest pathology practices in Australia, providing comprehensive services to patients and doctors over a geographic area throughout Queensland and New South Wales and employing more than 2000 people.

Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology services the Brisbane metropolitan area and regional areas extending as far north as Cairns and south to Coffs Harbour.

Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology has an exciting opportunity for a permanent full-time Laboratory Assistant - Biochemistry to work from their new Bowen Hills laboratory in Brisbane.

The work will involve sample sorting and processing in the pre-analytical area of the laboratory.

Some of the more specific responsibilities of the position will include:

To be successful in this role, you'll have excellent communication and organisational skills as well as a high attention to detail to enable maximum accuracy of processing. Previous relevant laboratory experience highly regarded, but not essential.

This is a perfect role for an enthusiastic individual who has a flexible approach to their work as you will be required to work rostered shifts. The rotating roster involves shifts over a 24 hour period, along with weekend shifts and public holidays when fully trained.

You will also require good keyboard skills and the ability to work as a team member in this busy department.

The high level of service provided by Sullivan Nicolaides Pathology is delivered by a dedicated staff comprising of pathologists, scientists, technicians, laboratory assistants, collection personnel, couriers, computer personnel, pathology services assistants and other support staff.

The Bowen Hills laboratory is well-situated for access to nearby public transport.

The successful candidate will enjoy a competitive remuneration packageranging from $19.40 - $24.74 per hour.

In addition, permanent employees enjoy the following benefits:

Please note: Applications close Friday, 18th November.

View post:
Laboratory Assistant - Biochemistry (Bowen Hills Laboratory)

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The Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences (CBMS) is a research intensive department of academics and students who study and teach chemistry and molecular cell sciences. The focus of our academics is at the exciting chemistry/biology interface, allowing our students to gain cross-disciplinary perspectives while developing discipline specific skills in chemistry and biomolecular sciences.

We apply this philosophy of studying molecules to cells to achieve a sustainable environment, understand health and disease, and advance new molecular technologies.

Research and teaching strength in CBMS includes analytical chemistry, biochemistry, biotechnology, cellular biology, medicinal chemistry, microbiology, molecular biology and genomics, Synthetic Biology, organic/inorganic synthesis, proteomics and protein chemistry, physical chemistry.

See original here:
Macquarie University - Department of Chemistry and ...

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology are key biological science disciplines. The knowledge and techniques of the disciplines are applied in many biological fields and have fuelled rapid advances in medical research and biotechnology.

This major provides the springboard for students to enter careers including;

Majoring in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology gives students an opportunity to develop knowledge in key basic biological processes as well as more specialised areas of molecular science. Students will build a foundation of practical skills required for a career as a laboratory scientist, with a strong focus on communication, team-work and research. Essential skills in the modern scientific workplace.

Full details in the handbook.

See original here:
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology | Bachelor of Biomedicine

Why study Biochemistry and molecular biology?

Our postgraduate biochemistry and molecular biology program has options for a variety of career paths and study interests. We offer advanced training in biotechnology and molecular biology at Masters-level. We also provide laboratory-based training including data management and a research-based component that is a pathway to PhD studies. We have an extensive PhD program where students are supervised by world leading research staff in state-of- the art laboratories.

The strength in research in this area is demonstrated by the 2012 Excellence in Research for Australia (ERA) ratings. In Biochemistry and Cell Biology, La Trobe was one of only two universities whose research output was rated well above world standard (achieving the maximum score of 5).

Students have access to some of the best teaching and research facilities in the world with the La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS) building. LIMS focuses on training researchers to turn molecular science, biotechnology and nanotechnology research into medical solutions.

See the Research tab for information about Master's by research, or PhD.

As a La Trobe graduate you may be eligible for our 10% Alumni Advantage when you apply for a full-fee postgraduate coursework program.

Graduates are prepared for careers in many aspects related to biomedical research, molecular cell biology and biotechnology.

NB: The ATARs published here are a guide, based on the most recent intake, and can change from year to year. These are Clearly-in ATARs, meaning applicants with scores equivalent to, or higher than the quoted ATAR, were made an offer.

To find out more about this course and studying at La Trobe: - ask us a question - book a one-on-one consultation - chat online - visit our FAQ page - connect with us on Facebook, Twitter or Instagram - call us on 1300 135 045.

A limited number of La Trobe College Excellence Scholarships are available, offering up to 25% reduction on your postgraduate course fees. Learn More

The delivery of this course can vary between campuses. For detailed information please select the relevant campus:

Our highly-regarded course offers hands-on, technique-intensive learning, with a strong research focus aimed to equip you with the skills necessary to work in the sector. The curriculum covers key elements of biotechnology and the manipulation of molecular biological data.

The course offers you the opportunity to carry out a full year of laboratory-based research and participate in multiple weekly practicals. You'll spend between 25 and 30 hours in the lab each week during your second year.

Biotechnology is becoming increasingly central to a variety of industries, including medicine, diagnostics, agriculture, environmental protection, food technology and renewable resources technology. When you graduate you'll be prepared for work in molecular biology, biochemistry, bioinformatics and biotechnology, in business and research throughout the world.

Our graduates are working as biotechnologists and technicians at DTS Food Laboratories and Clonal Solutions Australia. They're also working as R and D scientists at biopharmaceutical company CSL Biotherapies and CSIRO. Many of our graduates go on to do further research and work as academics.

You'll also have the flexibility to exit with a Graduate Diploma in Biotechnology and Bioinformatics after completing the first year. If you are an international student and decide to go on to complete a PhD you may be eligible for a scholarship that covers your course fee.

To find out more about this course and studying at La Trobe: - ask us a question - book a one-on-one consultation - chat online - visit our FAQ page - connect with us on Facebook, Twitter or Instagram - call us on 1300 135 045.

A limited number of La Trobe College Excellence Scholarships are available, offering up to 25% reduction on your postgraduate course fees. Learn More

The delivery of this course can vary between campuses. For detailed information please select the relevant campus:

Methods of application vary from course to course. Please see the course entry above for details of how to apply for the course you are interested in.

Some postgraduate courses are fee-paying which means that you pay the full cost of the course (FEE-HELP is available). Others offer Commonwealth Supported Places (CSP) where the Commonwealth Government subsidises the cost of your course and you pay a contribution (HECS-HELP is available).

Students enrolled for certain postgraduate coursework programs may be eligible for student income support.

TOEFL Paper-based Test: minimum score of 575 (minimum score of 5 in the Test of Written English).

TOEFL Internet-based Test: minimum score of 80 with minimum overall for SLR 18; W 22.

La Trobe Melbourne (ELICOS): Completion of the English for Further Studies Advanced Stage 6B at La Trobe Melbourne with minimum 60 per cent overall and 60 per cent in final exam. For more information please visit the La Trobe Melbourne website.

English as the language of instruction in tertiary studies may be accepted. Please note: English as the language of instruction in previous study will not be accepted as a basis of admission (English) for courses where the approved test score requirement is above an IELTS 6.5 with no band score lower than 6.0.

Pearson Test of English (Academic) (PTE): minimum score of 64 with no communicative skill score less than 59.

Cambridge Certificate of Advanced English (CAE): a grade of B or higher.

Cambridge Certificate of Proficiency in English (CPE): a grade of C or higher.

Or approved international equivalent.

A limited number of La Trobe College Excellence Scholarships are available, offering up to 25% reduction on your postgraduate course fees. Learn More

The delivery of this course can vary between campuses. For detailed information please select the relevant campus:

Our highly-regarded course offers hands-on, technique-intensive learning, with a strong research focus aimed to equip you with the skills necessary to work in the sector. The curriculum covers key elements of biotechnology and the manipulation of molecular biological data.

The course offers you the opportunity to carry out a full year of laboratory-based research and participate in multiple weekly practicals. You'll spend between 25 and 30 hours in the lab each week during your second year.

Biotechnology is becoming increasingly central to a variety of industries, including medicine, diagnostics, agriculture, environmental protection, food technology and renewable resources technology. When you graduate you'll be prepared for work in molecular biology, biochemistry, bioinformatics and biotechnology, in business and research throughout the world.

Our graduates are working as biotechnologists and technicians at DTS Food Laboratories and Clonal Solutions Australia. They're also working as R and D scientists at biopharmaceutical company CSL Biotherapies and CSIRO. Many of our graduates go on to do further research and work as academics.

You'll also have the flexibility to exit with a Graduate Diploma in Biotechnology and Bioinformatics after completing the first year. If you are an international student and decide to go on to complete a PhD you may be eligible for a scholarship that covers your course fee.

TOEFL Paper-based Test: minimum score of 575 (minimum score of 5 in the Test of Written English).

TOEFL Internet-based Test: minimum score of 80 with minimum overall for SLR 18; W 22.

La Trobe Melbourne (ELICOS): Completion of the English for Further Studies Advanced Stage 6B at La Trobe Melbourne with minimum 60 per cent overall and 60 per cent in final exam. For more information please visit the La Trobe Melbourne website.

English as the language of instruction in tertiary studies may be accepted. Please note: English as the language of instruction in previous study will not be accepted as a basis of admission (English) for courses where the approved test score requirement is above an IELTS 6.5 with no band score lower than 6.0.

Pearson Test of English (Academic) (PTE): minimum score of 64 with no communicative skill score less than 59.

Cambridge Certificate of Advanced English (CAE): a grade of B or higher.

Cambridge Certificate of Proficiency in English (CPE): a grade of C or higher.

Or approved international equivalent.

A limited number of La Trobe College Excellence Scholarships are available, offering up to 25% reduction on your postgraduate course fees. Learn More

The delivery of this course can vary between campuses. For detailed information please select the relevant campus:

Enquire now about any course for international students or find out how to apply.

Estimated fees for international students are indicated for each course above. Fees are indicative only and set at 120 credit points per course, unless otherwise stated, and may vary depending on the number of credit points in which students enrol. Some courses may vary in credit point load and fees will be adjusted accordingly.

There is also a range of scholarships available for international students to assist students.

As a La Trobe student, you can broaden your horizons by studying overseas with one of our global exchange partners. We have partnerships with more than 100 universities in over 30 countries throughout Asia, Europe and North and South America.

You'll get to meet a large number of academic staff during your studies, from tutors through to lecturers and supervisors. View staff in Biochemistry and molecular biology.

Originally posted here:
Postgraduate Biochemistry & Molecular Biology | Degrees ...

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There's a lot to consider when choosing your course.

You can also get updates on our courses and upcoming events via email.

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Biochemistry and molecular biology are where biology and chemistry meet.

Study cell and molecular biology, disease, cell death and ageing, immunology, biotechnology, DNA and protein chemistry, metabolism and drug and vaccine development. Our courses have lots of practical training and field trips.

Biochemistry and molecular biology can be taken as a major in the Bachelor of Bioscience or studied as part of manyother science degrees.

Students have access to some of the best teaching and research facilities in the world with the completion of the new $100 million LaTrobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS) building.

You will be prepared for a career in many areas related to biomedical research, molecular cell biology and biotechnology.

Our students find work in government organisations, research institutes and private industry.

NB: The ATARs published here are a guide, based on the most recent intake, and can change from year to year. These are Clearly-in ATARs, meaning applicants with scores equivalent to, or higher than the quoted ATAR, were made an offer.

In the first year of this degree, you'll explore the basics of animal, plant and microbial biology through the lenses of cell biology, genetics, evolution, biodiversity and ecology. In second and third year, you can specialise through a choice of majors including botany, microbiology, zoology, biochemistry or genetics.

You'll get plenty of hands-on experience in our labs or on field trips to diverse habitats across Victoria. You'll be exposed to cutting edge biological research via world-class research institutes (the La Trobe Institute of Molecular Science and Centre for AgriBiosciences) and you'll have access to the La Trobe Wildlife Sanctuary on our Melbourne Campus.

During your field excursions you'll learn techniques to survey animal and plant biodiversity. During lab classes you'll gain the skills to conduct scientific experiments and develop and present your own work.

Along with practical and theoretical classes, we'll help you prepare for the workplace through opportunities for paid work experience.

If you intend to apply only to La Trobe you can apply direct to the University until applications close in December. Late direct applications may be accepted.

Please note: VTAC applications cannot be withdrawn in order to submit a direct application. The same selection criteria and entry standards are applied to VTAC and direct applications.

To find out more about this course and studying at La Trobe: - ask us a question - chat online - visit our FAQ page - connect with us on Facebook, Twitter or Instagram - call us on 1300 135 045.

The delivery of this course can vary between campuses. For detailed information please select the relevant campus:

First year foundational science subjects focus on biology and chemistry. Second year subjects - biosciences, medical science, biochemistry, genetics, anatomy, physiology and microbiology - will lead you towards your third year specialisation and postgraduate studies.

You'll learn about the human body in health and sickness, and gain knowledge of medical biochemistry, microbiology, pharmacology, cell and molecular biology, anatomy, physiology, infectious diseases and neuroscience.

You'll discover the symptoms of disease, learn how to analyse scientific and medical data, and do practical lab work. Third year advanced biochemistry and medical sciences internships and lab courses give you more hands-on experience. We'll also show you how to read, research and interpret scientific publications and teach you to meaningfully convey scientific and biomedical science information in writing.

Through this degree, you'll have access to the La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science - our $100 million teaching and research facility. With our industry cadetship program, you can also gain workplace experience, building on your skills and industry connections.

First year students may be eligible for the Dean's Scholarship for Academic Excellence or other undergraduate scholarships. We also offer overseas study opportunities, including clinical placements and volunteering.

You can apply to study this course through our Hallmark Scholars Program. See the listing for Hallmark Course Group C for more details.

NB: Meeting minimum prerequisites does not guarantee an offer of a place. Entry into all La Trobe courses is based on competitive selection and there may be limited places available.

Selection may also be based on GPA or STAT Multiple Choice.

If you intend to apply only to La Trobe you can apply direct to the University until applications close in December. Late direct applications may be accepted.

Please note: VTAC applications cannot be withdrawn in order to submit a direct application. The same selection criteria and entry standards are applied to VTAC and direct applications.

To find out more about this course and studying at La Trobe: - ask us a question - book a one-on-one consultation - chat online - visit our FAQ page - connect with us on Facebook, Twitter or Instagram - call us on 1300 135 045.

The delivery of this course can vary between campuses. For detailed information please select the relevant campus:

Our law degree has a strong focus on global and social justice. You'll study the essential legal areas like criminal law, constitutional law and legal ethics. You'll also cover science-related topics such as intellectual property and medicine and the law. Visiting lecturers from high profile law firms will help you develop an understanding of dispute resolution and recent legal developments.

You'll have the opportunity to participate in additional studies including Honours in Laws, subjects from our Global Business Law program at the Master's level, and clinical practice in a law firm.

The science component of this degree can be tailored to your interests. Choose from a range of specialisations including botany, computer science, psychology, chemistry and physics, and get hands-on experience through lab studies and field trips.

Only the first two years of this course are offered in Bendigo. While it is possible to arrange long-distance learning, we recommend transferring to the Melbourne Campus to complete your degree with a wider selection of subjects. Law electives are also available in intensive delivery at Melbourne in summer and winter schools.

If you intend to apply only to La Trobe you can apply direct to the University until applications close in December. Late direct applications may be accepted.

Please note: VTAC applications cannot be withdrawn in order to submit a direct application. The same selection criteria and entry standards are applied to VTAC and direct applications.

To find out more about this course and studying at La Trobe: - ask us a question - chat online - visit our FAQ page - connect with us on Facebook, Twitter or Instagram - call us on 1300 135 045.

The delivery of this course can vary between campuses. For detailed information please select the relevant campus:

This is one of our most flexible degrees with up to 18 specialist areas to choose from including agricultural science, biochemistry, biomedical science, botany, chemistry, computer science, electronics, environmental geoscience, genetics, information technology, mathematics, nanotechnology, statistics, microbiology, physics, psychology and zoology.

During your first two years, you'll study a range of introductory subjects to give you a solid foundation in science and related disciplines. Students enrolled at our Albury-Wodonga Campus will transfer to Melbourne or Bendigo after completing first year.

In third year, you'll either select two science specialties or combine your science major with studies from another discipline, like business or engineering.

Throughout your course, you'll have access to purpose-built facilities including the La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science. You'll also have opportunities for work placements with organisations like the Department of Environment and Primary Industries and other businesses conducting research in biochemistry, chemistry and genetics.

Through our partnerships with education providers all over the world, you'll also have the opportunity to study abroad and gain knowledge of alternative scientific processes and practices.

You can apply to study this course at Bendigo or Melbourne Campus through our Hallmark Scholars Program.

NB: Meeting minimum prerequisites does not guarantee an offer of a place. Entry into all La Trobe courses is based on competitive selection and there may be limited places available.

If you intend to apply only to La Trobe you can apply direct to the University until applications close in December. Late direct applications may be accepted.

Please note: VTAC applications cannot be withdrawn in order to submit a direct application. The same selection criteria and entry standards are applied to VTAC and direct applications.

To find out more about this course and studying at La Trobe: - ask us a question - chat online - visit our FAQ page - connect with us on Facebook, Twitter or Instagram - call us on 1300 135 045.

The delivery of this course can vary between campuses. For detailed information please select the relevant campus:

In the first year of this degree, you'll explore the basics of animal, plant and microbial biology through the lenses of cell biology, genetics, evolution, biodiversity and ecology. In second and third year, you can specialise through a choice of majors including botany, microbiology, zoology, biochemistry or genetics.

You'll get plenty of hands-on experience in our labs or on field trips to diverse habitats across Victoria. You'll be exposed to cutting edge biological research via world-class research institutes (the La Trobe Institute of Molecular Science and Centre for AgriBiosciences) and you'll have access to the La Trobe Wildlife Sanctuary on our Melbourne Campus.

During your field excursions you'll learn techniques to survey animal and plant biodiversity. During lab classes you'll gain the skills to conduct scientific experiments and develop and present your own work.

Along with practical and theoretical classes, we'll help you prepare for the workplace through opportunities for paid work experience.

TOEFL Paper-based Test - a minimum overall score of 550 with a score of 5 or more in the Test of Written English;

TOEFL Internet-based Test - a minimum overall score of 60 with a minimum for SLR 18; W 22;

Satisfactory completion of the English for Further Studies Advanced Stage 5B (EFS5 UG minimum 60 per cent) which is available from La Trobe Melbourne; for more information please visit the La Trobe Melbourne website.

La Trobe Melbourne Foundation Studies: 60 per cent final result in a course;

English as the language of instruction in tertiary studies may be accepted. Please note: English as the language of instruction in previous study will not be accepted as a basis of admission (English) for courses where the approved test score requirement is above an IELTS 6.5 with no band score lower than 6.0.

Pearson Test of English (Academic) (PTE): a minimum score of 57 with no communicative skill score less than 50.

Cambridge Certificate of Advanced English (CAE): a grade of B or higher.

Cambridge Certificate of Proficiency in English (CPE): a pass grade of C or higher;

or approved international equivalent.

If you do not meet these entry requirements you might be interested in La Trobe's Foundation Studies and Diploma Programs, which provide an alternative pathway to La Trobe's undergraduate program. For more information please visit the La Trobe Melbourne website.

NB: The scores above are indicative only and may change based on the number of applications received and places available. Achieving the above listed scores does not guarantee an offer of a place.

The delivery of this course can vary between campuses. For detailed information please select the relevant campus:

First year foundational science subjects focus on biology and chemistry. Second year subjects - biosciences, medical science, biochemistry, genetics, anatomy, physiology and microbiology - will lead you towards your third year specialisation and postgraduate studies.

You'll learn about the human body in health and sickness, and gain knowledge of medical biochemistry, microbiology, pharmacology, cell and molecular biology, anatomy, physiology, infectious diseases and neuroscience.

You'll discover the symptoms of disease, learn how to analyse scientific and medical data, and do practical lab work. Third year advanced biochemistry and medical sciences internships and lab courses give you more hands-on experience. We'll also show you how to read, research and interpret scientific publications and teach you to meaningfully convey scientific and biomedical science information in writing.

Through this degree, you'll have access to the La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science - our $100 million teaching and research facility. With our industry cadetship program, you can also gain workplace experience, building on your skills and industry connections.

First year students may be eligible for the Dean's Scholarship for Academic Excellence or other undergraduate scholarships. We also offer overseas study opportunities, including clinical placements and volunteering.

You can apply to study this course through our Hallmark Scholars Program. See the listing for Hallmark Course Group C for more details.

TOEFL Paper-based Test - a minimum overall score of 550 with a score of 5 or more in the Test of Written English;

TOEFL Internet-based Test - a minimum overall score of 60 with a minimum for SLR 18; W 22;

Satisfactory completion of the English for Further Studies Advanced Stage 5B (EFS5 UG minimum 60 per cent) which is available from La Trobe Melbourne; for more information please visit the La Trobe Melbourne website.

La Trobe Melbourne Foundation Studies: 60 per cent final result in a course;

English as the language of instruction in tertiary studies may be accepted. Please note: English as the language of instruction in previous study will not be accepted as a basis of admission (English) for courses where the approved test score requirement is above an IELTS 6.5 with no band score lower than 6.0.

Pearson Test of English (Academic) (PTE): a minimum score of 57 with no communicative skill score less than 50.

Cambridge Certificate of Advanced English (CAE): a grade of B or higher.

Cambridge Certificate of Proficiency in English (CPE): a pass grade of C or higher;

or approved international equivalent.

If you do not meet these entry requirements you might be interested in La Trobe's Foundation Studies and Diploma Programs, which provide an alternative pathway to La Trobe's undergraduate program. For more information please visit the La Trobe Melbourne website.

NB: The scores above are indicative only and may change based on the number of applications received and places available. Achieving the above listed scores does not guarantee an offer of a place.

Please apply through VTAC if youre completing your VCE or International Baccalaureate (IB) in Victoria, or apply through UAC if youre completing your HSC or IB in New South Wales.

A limited number of La Trobe College Excellence Scholarships are available, offering up to 25% reduction on your postgraduate course fees. Learn More

The delivery of this course can vary between campuses. For detailed information please select the relevant campus:

Our law degree has a strong focus on global and social justice. You'll study the essential legal areas like criminal law, constitutional law and legal ethics. You'll also cover science-related topics such as intellectual property and medicine and the law. Visiting lecturers from high profile law firms will help you develop an understanding of dispute resolution and recent legal developments.

You'll have the opportunity to participate in additional studies including Honours in Laws, subjects from our Global Business Law program at the Master's level, and clinical practice in a law firm.

The science component of this degree can be tailored to your interests. Choose from a range of specialisations including botany, computer science, psychology, chemistry and physics, and get hands-on experience through lab studies and field trips.

Only the first two years of this course are offered in Bendigo. While it is possible to arrange long-distance learning, we recommend transferring to the Melbourne Campus to complete your degree with a wider selection of subjects. Law electives are also available in intensive delivery at Melbourne in summer and winter schools.

TOEFL Paper-based Test: minimum score of 575 (minimum score of 5 in the Test of Written English).

TOEFL Internet-based Test: minimum score of 80 with minimum overall for SLR 18; W 22.

La Trobe Melbourne (ELICOS): completion of English for Further Studies Advanced Stage 5B Certificate at postgraduate (EFS5 (70 per cent) PG1) level. For more information please visit the La Trobe Melbourne website.

La Trobe Melbourne Foundation Studies: 70 per cent final result in a course.

English as the language of instruction in tertiary studies may be accepted. Please note: English as the language of instruction in previous study will not be accepted as a basis of admission (English) for courses where the approved test score requirement is above an IELTS 6.5 with no band score lower than 6.0.

Pearson Test of English (Academic) (PTE): minimum score of 64 with no communicative skill score less than 59.

Cambridge Certificate of Advanced English (CAE): a grade of B or higher.

Cambridge Certificate of Proficiency in English (CPE): a grade of C or higher.

or approved international equivalent.

If you do not meet these entry requirements you might be interested in La Trobe's Foundation Studies and Diploma Programs, which provide an alternative pathway to La Trobe's undergraduate program. For more information please visit the La Trobe Melbourne website. NB: The scores above are indicative only and may change based on the number of applications received and places available. Achieving the above listed scores does not guarantee an offer of a place.

Continue reading here:
Biochemistry and molecular biology - La Trobe University

Photosynthesis - an important biochemical reaction

Photosynthesis and the Web: 2008 - photosynthesis-related web sites grouped into several categories, e.g Subject Sites, Educational etc.- from Arizona State University

Milestones in Photosynthesis Research - Govindjee - a 32 page .pdf document (611 KB)

The Photosynthetic Process - from the Photosynthesis Research Unit, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, includes history of photosynthesis

A Primer on Photosynthesis and the Functioning of Cells - from the University of Michigan, Global Change I

The Nutrient requirements of Cells - from Kimball's Biology Pages

Photosynthesis- from the On-line Biology Book, Estrella Mountain Community College

Photosynthesis Study Guide - from Modern Biology textbook site

Photosynthesis in providing a source of energy

Vehicle Technologies Program from Office of Fuels Development US Dept of Energy -

Biodiesel, from US Dept of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

Just the basics: Biodiesel -.pdf (283 KB), U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

Carbon currency the credits and debits of carbon emissions trading - from Australian Academy of Sciences

Solar to Fuel: Catalyzing the Science - a paper from the Berkeley National Laboratory

Making Packaging Greener - Biodegradable Plastics, Reading list - from Australian Academy of Sciences

ABCs of Biopower - from the US Dept of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

The development of the theory of photosynthesis

Photosynthesis - including the contributions of key botanists, from Botany Online (The Internet Hypertextbook), University of Hamburg

Highlights in photosynthesis research - from the Nobel e-Museum

Research into Photosynthesis - from University of California, Berkeley

Chlorophyll - from Bristol University, UK

The people who contributed to the theory of photosynthesis

Analyzing van Helmont's Experiment - a student exercise

Hales, Stephen 1671-1761 - from History of Horticulture, the Ohio-State University

Nicolas-Theodore de SAUSSURE - from CYBERLIPID CENTER

Photosynthesis - from Botany Online, Hamburg University, details Blackman and Mathei's findings

Sachs, Julius Von 1832-1897 - from History pf Horticulture, the Ohio-State University

Julius v. SACHS (1832-1897) - from Botany Online, University of Hamburg

Mikhail Tswett (1872-1919) - from Le Moyne College

History of Development of Chromatography - from Wiley Publishing (pdf 1.28 MB)

Mikhail Tsvet - from Chemistry Daily

The Light Reactions of Photosynthesis - from Botany On-line, University of Hamburg

Robert HILL FRS (1899-1991) - brief memoir by a student (pdf, 550 KB)

Martin Kamen, Who Discovered Carbon-14 Here, Wins Fermi Award

Nobel Prize Awarded to Nine Berkeley Lab Scientists - from Science Beat at The Berkeley Labs

MELVIN CALVIN - from Nobel e-Museum

Melvin Calvin, 1961 Nobelist and UC Berkeley professor, dies at age 85 - from University of California, Berkeley

Photosynthesis - a light dependent reaction

Why study photosynthesis? - from Arizona State University

An Introduction to Photosynthesis and Its Applications - from Arizona State University

Johnsons's Photosynthesis Simulation - requires Shockwave - investigate the effects of light intensity and wavelength on Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis Simulation - laboratory activity based on the above simulation

Photosynthetic Pictures Are Worth More Than a Thousand Words - from Access Excellence

Photosynthesis: The Role of Light - Biology Pages are produced by John Kimball formerly a professor at Harvard University

Photosynthesis - Light Reactions. from Old Dominion University

Photosynthesis Problem Set 1 - from The Biology Project, University of Arizona, set of multiple choice questions with detailed feedback

Photosynthesis Problem Set 2 - from The Biology Project, University of Arizona, set of multiple choice questions with detailed feedback

Without pigments we're nothing - from University of Arizona

Chloroplasts and chlorophyll

Chloroplasts - from Kimball's Biology Pages

What the Heck is a Chloroplast? from Bugs in the News, Kansas University

Photosynthesis and Chromatography of its Pigments - from Science Projects

An Introduction to Chromatography - from Access Excellence

Chromatography - from Rensselaer Polytchnic Institute

Paper Chromatography - from Kimball's Biology pages

Chromatography - from Chemistry Daily

Lab 5 Green Plant I - Kean University, scroll down to SEPARATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF LEAF PIGMENTS

Use of radioisotopes in tracing biochemical reactions

Photosynthesis: Pathway of Carbon Fixation - Biology Pages are produced by John Kimball formerly a professor at Harvard University

Biosynthesis of Carbohydrates - from The Biology Project, The University of Arizona

The Dark Reactions of Photosynthesis, Assimilation of Carbon Dioxide and The CALVIN Cycle - from Botany Online, University of Hamburg

Photosynthesis Study Guide - for Modern Biology, Holt, Reinhart and Winston

ATP - energy currency

The Energy Relationships in Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis: the Balance Sheet - Biology Pages are produced by John Kimball formerly a professor at Harvard University

Energy: Making ATP - a detailed overview from University of Connecticut

Adenosine Triphosphate - ATP - from Molecule of the Month, Bristol University

Peter Mitchell (1920 - 1992) - and the chemiosmotic hypothesis from University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1997 - Walker, Boyer and Skou, from the Nobel e-Museum

Electron microscope and visualising plant organelles

Chloroplast - from Cells Alive

Chloroplasts - from Kimball's Biology Pages

Cell Structure and Function - Studyguide -see Question 27 (pdf, 300 KB)

Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) - from The University of Nebraska

An Introduction to Microscopy - including The History of the Microscope

Virtual Microscopy - Interactive Java Tutorials, from Molecular Expressions

Page Maintained By: uniserve@usyd.edu.au Last Update: Monday, 30-Apr-2012 14:29:02 AEST URL: http://science.uniserve.edu.au/school/curric/stage6/biol/biolchem.html

Originally posted here:
Biology - Biochemistry

The history of biochemistry can be said to have started with the ancient Greeks who were interested in the composition and processes of life, although biochemistry as a specific scientific discipline has its beginning around the early 19th century.[1] Some argued that the beginning of biochemistry may have been the discovery of the first enzyme, diastase (today called amylase), in 1833 by Anselme Payen,[2] while others considered Eduard Buchner's first demonstration of a complex biochemical process alcoholic fermentation in cell-free extracts to be the birth of biochemistry.[3][4] Some might also point to the influential work of Justus von Liebig from 1842, Animal chemistry, or, Organic chemistry in its applications to physiology and pathology, which presented a chemical theory of metabolism,[1] or even earlier to the 18th century studies on fermentation and respiration by Antoine Lavoisier.[5][6]

The term biochemistry itself is derived from the combining form bio-, meaning "life", and chemistry. The word is first recorded in English in 1848,[7] while in 1877, Felix Hoppe-Seyler used the term (Biochemie in German) in the foreword to the first issue of Zeitschrift fr Physiologische Chemie (Journal of Physiological Chemistry) as a synonym for physiological chemistry and argued for the setting up of institutes dedicate to its studies.[8][9] Nevertheless, several sources cite German chemist Carl Neuberg as having coined the term for the new discipline in 1903,[10][11] and some credit it to Franz Hofmeister.[12]

The subject of study in biochemistry is the chemical processes in living organisms, and its history involves the discovery and understanding of the complex components of life and the elucidation of pathways of biochemical processes. Much of biochemistry deals with the structures and functions of cellular components such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and other biomolecules; their metabolic pathways and flow of chemical energy through metabolism; how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells; it also focuses on the biochemical processes involved in the control of information flow through biochemical signalling, and how they relate to the functioning of whole organisms. Over the last 40 years the field has had success in explaining living processes such that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine are engaged in biochemical research.

Among the vast number of different biomolecules, many are complex and large molecules (called polymers), which are composed of similar repeating subunits (called monomers). Each class of polymeric biomolecule has a different set of subunit types. For example, a protein is a polymer whose subunits are selected from a set of twenty or more amino acids, carbohydrates are formed from sugars known as monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides, lipids are formed from fatty acids and glycerols, and nucleic acids are formed from nucleotides. Biochemistry studies the chemical properties of important biological molecules, like proteins, and in particular the chemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The biochemistry of cell metabolism and the endocrine system has been extensively described. Other areas of biochemistry include the genetic code (DNA, RNA), protein synthesis, cell membrane transport, and signal transduction.

In these regards, the study of biochemistry began when biology first began to interest societyas the ancient Chinese developed a system of medicine based on yin and yang, and also the five phases,[13] which both resulted from alchemical and biological interests. It began in the ancient Indian culture also with an interest in medicine, as they developed the concept of three humors that were similar to the Greek's four humours (see humorism). They also delved into the interest of bodies being composed of tissues. As in the majority of early sciences, the Islamic world greatly contributed to early biological advancements as well as alchemical advancements; especially with the introduction of clinical trials and clinical pharmacology presented in Avicenna's The Canon of Medicine.[14] On the side of chemistry, early advancements were heavily attributed to exploration of alchemical interests but also included: metallurgy, the scientific method, and early theories of atomism. In more recent times, the study of chemistry was marked by milestones such as the development of Mendeleev's periodic table, Dalton's atomic model, and the conservation of mass theory. This last mention has the most importance of the three due to the fact that this law intertwines chemistry with thermodynamics in an intercalated manner.

As early as the late 18th century and early 19th century, the digestion of meat by stomach secretions[15] and the conversion of starch to sugars by plant extracts and saliva were known. However, the mechanism by which this occurred had not been identified.[16]

In the 19th century, when studying the fermentation of sugar to alcohol by yeast, Louis Pasteur concluded that this fermentation was catalyzed by a vital force contained within the yeast cells called ferments, which he thought functioned only within living organisms. He wrote that "alcoholic fermentation is an act correlated with the life and organization of the yeast cells, not with the death or putrefaction of the cells."[17]

Anselme Payen discovered in 1833 the first enzyme who called diastase[18] and in 1878 German physiologist Wilhelm Khne (18371900) coined the term enzyme, which comes from Greek "in leaven", to describe this process. The word enzyme was used later to refer to nonliving substances such as pepsin, and the word ferment used to refer to chemical activity produced by living organisms.

In 1897 Eduard Buchner began to study the ability of yeast extracts to ferment sugar despite the absence of living yeast cells. In a series of experiments at the University of Berlin, he found that the sugar was fermented even when there were no living yeast cells in the mixture.[19] He named the enzyme that brought about the fermentation of sucrose "zymase".[20] In 1907 he received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his biochemical research and his discovery of cell-free fermentation". Following Buchner's example; enzymes are usually named according to the reaction they carry out. Typically the suffix -ase is added to the name of the substrate (e.g., lactase is the enzyme that cleaves lactose) or the type of reaction (e.g., DNA polymerase forms DNA polymers).

Having shown that enzymes could function outside a living cell, the next step was to determine their biochemical nature. Many early workers noted that enzymatic activity was associated with proteins, but several scientists (such as Nobel laureate Richard Willsttter) argued that proteins were merely carriers for the true enzymes and that proteins per se were incapable of catalysis. However, in 1926, James B. Sumner showed that the enzyme urease was a pure protein and crystallized it; Sumner did likewise for the enzyme catalase in 1937. The conclusion that pure proteins can be enzymes was definitively proved by Northrop and Stanley, who worked on the digestive enzymes pepsin (1930), trypsin and chymotrypsin. These three scientists were awarded the 1946 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[21]

This discovery, that enzymes could be crystallized, meant that scientists eventually could solve their structures by x-ray crystallography. This was first done for lysozyme, an enzyme found in tears, saliva and egg whites that digests the coating of some bacteria; the structure was solved by a group led by David Chilton Phillips and published in 1965.[22] This high-resolution structure of lysozyme marked the beginning of the field of structural biology and the effort to understand how enzymes work at an atomic level of detail.

The term metabolism is derived from the Greek Metabolismos for "change", or "overthrow".[23] The history of the scientific study of metabolism spans 800 years. The earliest of all metabolic studies began during the early thirteenth century (1213-1288) by a Muslim scholar from Damascus named Ibn al-Nafis. al-Nafis stated in his most well-known work Theologus Autodidactus that "that body and all its parts are in a continuous state of dissolution and nourishment, so they are inevitably undergoing permanent change."[24] Although al-Nafis was the first documented physician to have an interest in biochemical concepts, the first controlled experiments in human metabolism were published by Santorio Santorio in 1614 in his book Ars de statica medecina.[25] This book describes how he weighed himself before and after eating, sleeping, working, sex, fasting, drinking, and excreting. He found that most of the food he took in was lost through what he called "insensible perspiration".

One of the most prolific of these modern biochemists was Hans Krebs who made huge contributions to the study of metabolism.[26] He discovered the urea cycle and later, working with Hans Kornberg, the citric acid cycle and the glyoxylate cycle.[27][28][29] These discoveries led to Krebs being awarded the Nobel Prize in physiology in 1953,[30] which was shared with the German biochemist Fritz Albert Lipmann who also codiscovered the essential cofactor coenzyme A.

In 1960, the biochemist Robert K. Crane revealed his discovery of the sodium-glucose cotransport as the mechanism for intestinal glucose absorption.[31] This was the very first proposal of a coupling between the fluxes of an ion and a substrate that has been seen as sparking a revolution in biology. This discovery, however, would not have been possible if it were not for the discovery of the molecule glucose's structure and chemical makeup. These discoveries are largely attributed to the German chemist Emil Fischer who received the Nobel Prize in chemistry nearly 60 years earlier.[32]

Since metabolism focuses on the breaking down (catabolic processes) of molecules and the building of larger molecules from these particles (anabolic processes), the use of glucose and its involvement in the formation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is fundamental to this understanding. The most frequent type of glycolysis found in the body is the type that follows the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) Pathway, which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakob Karol Parnas. These three men discovered that glycolysis is a strongly determinant process for the efficiency and production of the human body. The significance of the pathway shown in the adjacent image is that by identifying the individual steps in this process doctors and researchers are able to pinpoint sites of metabolic malfunctions such as pyruvate kinase deficiency that can lead to severe anemia. This is most important because cells, and therefore organisms, are not capable of surviving without proper functioning metabolic pathways.

Since then, biochemistry has advanced, especially since the mid-20th century, with the development of new techniques such as chromatography, X-ray diffraction, NMR spectroscopy, radioisotopic labelling, electron microscopy and molecular dynamics simulations. These techniques allowed for the discovery and detailed analysis of many molecules and metabolic pathways of the cell, such as glycolysis and the Krebs cycle (citric acid cycle). The example of an NMR instrument shows that some of these instruments, such as the HWB-NMR, can be very large in size and can cost anywhere from a few hundred dollars to millions of dollars ($16 million for the one shown here).

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the primary gene amplification technique that has revolutionized modern biochemistry. Polymerase chain reaction was developed by Kary Mullis in 1983.[33] There are four steps to a proper polymerase chain reaction: 1) denaturation 2) extension 3) insertion (of gene to be expressed) and finally 4) amplification of the inserted gene. These steps with simple illustrative examples of this process can be seen in the image below and to the right of this section. This technique allows for the copy of a single gene to be amplified into hundreds or even millions of copies and has become a cornerstone in the protocol for any biochemist that wishes to work with bacteria and gene expression. PCR is not only used for gene expression research but is also capable of aiding laboratories in diagnosing certain diseases such a lymphomas, some types of leukemia, and other malignant diseases that can sometimes puzzle doctors. Without polymerase chain reaction development, there are many advancements in the field of bacterial study and protein expression study that would not have come to fruition.[34] The development of the theory and process of polymerase chain reaction is essential but the invention of the thermal cycler is equally as important because the process would not be possible without this instrument. This is yet another testament to the fact that the advancement of technology is just as crucial to sciences such as biochemistry as is the painstaking research that leads to the development of theoretical concepts.

See the rest here:
History of biochemistry - Wikipedia

The Department of Biochemistry was founded in 1959 when Arthur Kornberg was recruited as a fundamental part of the move of the Stanford Medical School from San Francisco to the main Stanford campus. Innovations established at that time included the mixing of students and postdoctoral fellows in common laboratories so that the different research groups would be familiar with each other's research work and cross-fertilization would be inevitable. Specialized reagents were shared and major instruments were made available to everyone. Benches were not owned by a particular faculty member, but fair and equitable sharing of space was enjoyed in an unprecedented way of carrying out research in a department setting. We have embraced and maintained these approaches over time, and everyone in the department continues to prosper under this unusual innovative mode of operation, rarely found anywhere else in the world.

In the first decade of the department, there was a nearly complete focus on DNA and RNA biochemistry, and methodologies were also focused on hard-core biochemical approaches of enzyme purification and characterization. The current department is now enormously diverse with nearly everyone using interdisciplinary approaches of biochemistry, genetics, biophysics, structural biology, high-resolution light microscopy, and other innovative methodologies, often developed by Biochemistry students and postdoctoral fellows during the course of their work. Thus, genetic engineering, high-throughput RNA expression analysis, and single molecule analysis all came out of the Biochemistry Department and are fueling current advances in biosciences, biotechnology and medicine.

See the article here:
Stanford Biochemistry

KOLAWOLE OMOWUNMI OLUFEMI

* ******* ******* ********, ******* village, Lagos State.

07066012601, 07056558446

acwba5@r.postjobfree.com

OBJECTIVE:

A versatile, analytical Scientist/Tutor with a strong passion for excellence, working with existing staff and facilities at my disposal to achieve organizational goals and objectives.

PERSONAL INFORMATION

Sex: Male

Date of Birth: 20th June, 1989

State of Origin: Ogun

Marital Status: Single

Nationality: Nigerian

EDUCATIONAL PROFILE

In view Postgraduate Diploma in Education

National Open University, Lagos

2014-2015 Master of Science (MSc.) Biochemistry (DISTINCTION)

University of Lagos, Lagos

2008 2012: Bsc. Biochemistry (FIRST CLASS)

Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State

PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATION

Member of Nigerian society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 2015

Health Safety and Environment Level 2 2013

(Nigeria Institute of Safety Professionals)

CERTIFICATES OF HONOUR

Senate Annual Prize for First Class Honors Graduating students 2012

Prof. Ishola Adamson Prize for Best Graduating Student in Department 2012

of Biochemistry with a minimum CGPA of 4.00

Late Dr (Mrs) Apampa Prize for Best Graduating Student in Department 2012

of Biochemistry

NYSC/NDLEA Drug Free Club 2013

PERSONAL SKILLS

A good administrator/team leader

High level of Optimism and Enthusiasm

Strong verbal and written communication skills

Physical and mental alertness

Use of initiative, self-motivated and target oriented

Proficient in the use of computer software packages

WORK EXPERIENCE

Aladura Comprehensive High School, Anthony vilage, Lagos - 2014 till date

(Chemistry Teacher/HOD Science/Male Boarding Housemaster)

General Hospital, Oguta, Imo State

(NYSC primary Assignment as Laboratory Scientist) - 2012 2013

NIDOT Coaching centre, Ijebu Ode

(Biology/Chemistry Teacher) - 2012

Standard Medical Diagnostic Centre, Ijebu- Ode

(Industrial Attachment) - 2011

HOBBIES

Surfing the internet for updates, sports, scrabble, reading.

REFEREES

Prof. SumonuTaofiq

Professor

Department of Biochemistry, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Kwara state.

08033939464

acwba5@r.postjobfree.com

Dr Adeniyi Ibidola

Supervisor Medical Services,

Mobil House Clinic, Victoria Island, Lagos State.

08023093604

acwba5@r.postjobfree.com

Prof. Magbagbeola Olubunmi

Professor/Head of Department

Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Lagos

08034378974

acwba5@r.postjobfree.com

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