Category Archives: Biochemistry

Biochemistry

Discover BMB: And the winner is… – ASBMB Today

During Experimental Biology 2022 in Philadelphia, visitors to the American Society of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology booth and lounge were invited to vote fortheir favorite logo for the societys stand-alone 2023 meeting, now called Discover BMB, to be held March 2528 in Seattle.

With the promise of fun prizes (who doesnt love T-shirts and magnets?), 607 people voted on their phones using our QR code. And the winner by a wide margin was Option #1.

More than half of the 607 voters selected the logo design with hexagons, which was the staff's favorite too.

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Discover BMB: And the winner is... - ASBMB Today

Biochemistry

Academic All-Ohio Athletic Conference includes 11 from Alliance area – The-review

Staff report| The Alliance Review

Mount Union had 80 spring sports athletes recognized as Academic All-Ohio Conference.

To be selected an athlete must have a 3.50 cumulative grade point average and maintain varsity status.

These are the area Mount Union students who were selected:

Colton Wade, Marlington, men's golf, senior, Biochemistry, 3.97

Krissy Tarter, Marlington, senior, women's track & field, Biochemistry, 3.94

Grace Heath, West Branch, junior, softball, Accounting and Finance, 3.93

Lily Bogunovich, Marlington, senior, women's track & field, History, 3.91

Jeff Joseph, West Branch, junior, men's track & field, Multi-Platform Software Development, 3.88

Brittany Bolevich, Southeast, junior, women's track & field, Middle Childhood Education, 3.75

Lauren Amodio, Southeast, sophomore, women's golf, Exercise Science, 3.69

Gianini Venuto, Southeast, sophomore, women's track & field, Sport Business, 3.62

Other students from area schools who were selected:

Brendan Stinson, Capital, Marlington, baseball, Business Management

Spencer Hall, Marietta, Louisville, men's tennis, Strategic Communications

Morgan Mullaly, Muskingum, Alliance, women's golf, Early Childhood Education, Special Education

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Academic All-Ohio Athletic Conference includes 11 from Alliance area - The-review

Biochemistry

Cleanup duty | University of Minnesota – UMN News

When COVID-19 began surging around the world in early 2020 and physicians were confronting a deadly disease they knew little about, scientists at the University of Minnesotas Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism (iBAM) swung into action to help.

Early in the pandemic it became very clear that certain people were at greatest riskthe elderly, people with diabetes, and people with obesity, says Laura Niedernhofer, professor of biochemistry in the Medical School and director of iBAM. And one common thread between those groups? They all have increased levels of senescent cells.

Senescent cells are aging cells that have stopped dividing but havent died. According to Niedernhofer, the burden of senescent cells in our body doubles with every decade of life.

Senescent cells drive inflammation, and that inflammation then puts you at greater risk for disease and aging, explains iBAM associate director Paul Robbins, also a professor of biochemistry in the Medical School. If you have a perfectly healthy, robust immune system, your body clears these cells for you. But as we age, our immune response wanes and stops clearing these cells effectively.

Niedernhofer, Robbins, and their iBAM colleagues didnt wait to be asked if their research into senescent cells could be applied to fight COVID-19 infections, too. This was really an instant reaction, recalls Niedernhofer. Were here to think about the biology of aging, but more importantly, were here to help older Minnesotans. We felt it was our obligation to do everything we could to help rescue our most vulnerable populations from the lethality of COVID-19.

What if there were a drug that could help clear senescent cells and slow the onset of not just the aging process, but of the many diseases associated with aging, such as heart disease, cancer, type 2 diabetes, and Alzheimers disease?

That question led Niedernhofer and Robbins, working with colleagues at the Mayo Clinic, to become the first scientists to describe a new class of drugs called senolytics in 2015. More recently, theyve shown that fisetin, a natural antioxidant found in various fruits and vegetables (apples, strawberries, onions, and cucumbers, for example), successfully clears senescent cells in mice.

We do have preliminary data [indicating] that fisetin clears senescent cells in humans, says Niedernhofer, and there are now many clinical trials underway to study it further.

When COVID-19 struck, iBAM scientists quickly geared up to see whether the senolytics they were developing to promote healthier aging could also be used to treat the viral infection caused by SARS-CoV-2.

In a study led by iBAM investigator Christina Camell, researchers exposed aged mice to a coronavirus closely related to SARS-CoV-2. In the control group, all of the infected mice died; mice treated with a senolytic, however, had a 5060% survival rate.

The excitement around senolytics as a COVID-19 treatment has been growing, says Camell, since the groups results were published last summer in the prestigious journal Science. Clinical studies are under way in Minnesota to evaluate the success of treating COVID-19 patients with senolytics.

Investment to outcomes

In 2015, the Minnesota Legislatures higher education funding bill included an unprecedented $30 million investment that allowed the U of Ms Medical School to establish four new Medical Discovery Teams (MDTs). The MDTs were designed to propel already strong programs into world-class research cohorts dedicated to addressing some of the states most pressing health care priorities: addiction, rural and Native American health, optical imaging and brain science, and the biology of aging.

That investment brought top researchers like Niedernhofer and Robbins to the U to continue building on their leading-edge research.

The University of Minnesota has been an incredibly rich backdrop for our work studying the biology of aging, says Niedernhofer, providing so many opportunities for collaborations with colleagues across campus to find new applications for senolytics in treating diseases in the elderly.

And with the states (and the worlds) aging population growing, theres no better time for progress.

Were living in a time on this planet where the elderly population is doubling, says Niedernhofer, and each of those elderly people has an average of two chronic diseases. By targeting the biology of aging itself, instead of targeting specific diseases, with this new class of drugs called senolytics, we may be able to help people live healthier for a longer time.

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Cleanup duty | University of Minnesota - UMN News

Biochemistry

UC San Diego Atmospheric Chemist Kim Prather Elected to American Philosophical Society – University of California San Diego

Kim Prather is also director of the Center for Aerosol Impacts on Chemistry of the Environment.

A distinguished scientist and professor at the University of California San Diego has been inducted into Americas oldest learned society, joining the ranks of other noteworthy Triton faculty and alumni. Kimberly Prather, Distinguished Chair in Atmospheric Chemistry and Distinguished Professor at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography and the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry in the School of Physical Sciences has been selected to join the American Philosophical Society. Prather is among 37 new members elected in 2022, and the first from UC San Diego since 2010.

I am honored to join the APS along with so many other academic and cultural luminaries, said Prather. Its a reflection of the efforts of my research group and support Ive received from the UC San Diego community in addressing the importance of our work in confronting the challenges of climate change head-on, using innovative strategies.

Prathers work focuses on how human emissions affect the atmosphere, climate and health. She joined the faculty of UC San Diego in 2001 and has five patents for her innovations in mass spectrometry for environmental chemistry lab and field studies. In 2019, she was elected to the National Academy of Engineering. In April 2020, she became a member of the National Academy of Sciences for her contributions to aerosol chemistry. She is an elected fellow of the American Geophysical Union, the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Prather is also an advisory board member for UC San Diegos Institute for Practical Ethics.

She is the founding director of the NSF-fundedCenter for Aerosol Impacts on Chemistry of the Environment, and is currently working to understand the health and environmental impacts of ocean-derived pollutants and toxins in runoff and outfalls and the concentration of particles small enough to lodge deeply in human lungs and impact our health.

The urgency of addressing pollution and climate issues cannot be overstated, Prather said. It motivates me each day to wake up and share my findings with local, federal, and world leaders to help drive these issues into our broader conversation that will lead to solutions.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Prather co-authored several high-profile publications, as well as a letter to the Biden Administration, calling for immediate action to address and limit airborne transmission of COVID-19 and inhalation exposure, which helped improve public-health protections for people around the world. She has advised local and federal government officials, school districts, businesses, and the public at large on how to safely reopen and remain open, with a focus on cleaning indoor air using filtration and ventilation.

Founded in 1743 by Benjamin Franklin to promote useful knowledge, the APS honors and engages distinguished scientists, humanists, social scientists and cultural leaders in a spirit of interdisciplinary intellectual fellowship. It provides the nations top intellectuals and scholars with opportunities for research, networking and public engagement. Over the years, members have included George Washington, Thomas Paine, Charles Darwin, Robert Frost and Albert Einstein. Since 1960, 22 prominent UC San Diego members have been elected including astronomer Margaret Burbridge, philosopher of science Nancy Cartwright, biologist Francis Crick, and professor of chemistry and former chancellor Marye Anne Fox.

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UC San Diego Atmospheric Chemist Kim Prather Elected to American Philosophical Society - University of California San Diego

Biochemistry

First-in-class, anti-cancer mitochondrial drug found to be effective against most carcinoma cell lines – News-Medical.Net

A study of the lead agent (CPI-613) in a class of anticancer drugs undergoing Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved clinical trials reveals that CPI-613 is effective against most carcinoma cell lines, and, used in combination, could have efficacy against reducing some tumors. The research, led by Paul M. Bingham, PhD, of the Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology in the Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, will help advance clinical testing of CPI-613 and similar agents that are designed to disrupt cancer cell mitochondrial metabolism, a complex process that feeds tumor growth. The findings are published in PLOS ONE.

The drug CPI-613 and related anti-cancer compounds were developed by Bingham and Zuzana Zachar, PhD, through collaborative efforts in the Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology. Cornerstone Pharmaceuticals, Inc., licensed the technology from The Research Foundation of the State University of New York in 2001, and after years of experimentation, the drug was brought to pre-clinical testing in 2011.

As the exclusive licensee, Cornerstone is conducting clinical trials of CPI-613. The drug targets cancer mitochondrial tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolism with tumor selectivity and its mechanism of action also makes it a useful experimental probe of cancer metabolism.

Stony Brook University cancer researchers Bingham, Zachar, and Shawn D. Stuart lead the continued research of CPI-613. According to Bingham, this team and their co-authors created a pre-clinical study highlighted in the paper that provides new insight into the drug and carcinoma catabolism, a metabolic process that breaks down molecules into smaller units.

Clinical trials of CPI-613 have shown only some patients respond to the drug with reduction of tumors, the new research may form a new basis of using the anti-cancer agent more effectively in combination with cancer treatments, especially with difficult-to-treat tumors.

Our new pre-clinical research shows that the anti-cancer mechanisms we originally reported with CPI-613 remain intact against most cancer cell lines, which is potentially powerful for general and broad-based clinical approaches. Secondly, we also show that failures to respond to CPI-613 in clinical applications have a very simple, specific, tumor-general cause. And that is the TCA cycle metabolizes all major nutrient classes, then feeds the electrons these processes generate into the electron transport system (ETC) to complete mitochondrial energy metabolism.

While CPI-613 suppression of the TCA is sufficient to block many pathways for energy generation within tumor cells, a few pathways exist that can bypass the TCA cycle and feed electrons directly into the ETC. One of these alternative pathways is the generation of electrons by the initial fatty acid beta-oxidation process which is what we focused on."

Paul M. Bingham, PhD, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University

The researchers demonstrated that electron flow from fatty acids initially metabolized in the peroxisome enroute to mitochondria can bypass the CPI-613 blockade, which produces the drug resistance observed in some tumors. They further demonstrated that this resistance-producing electron flow can be targeted to substantially enhance the anticancer performance of CPI-613.

Bingham explains that this fatty acid "by-pass" resistance enables the scientists to target it with two cancer drugs that are FDA-approved for other purposes, thioridazine and crizotinib, improving CPI-613 sensitivity.

Overall, the study results indicate the potential of CPI-613 for treating many types of carcinomas is promising and can be even more effective when used in concert with other drugs to treat cancer an approach that is different from the agent's current use against a minority of tumors that respond to the current targeted therapy.

Source:

Journal reference:

Guardado Rivas, M.O.,et al.(2022) Evidence for a novel, effective approach to targeting carcinoma catabolism exploiting the first-in-class, anti-cancer mitochondrial drug, CPI-613.PLOS ONE.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0269620.

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First-in-class, anti-cancer mitochondrial drug found to be effective against most carcinoma cell lines - News-Medical.Net

Biochemistry

Unique insight into the inner workings of our cellular powerplants – EurekAlert

Using advanced microscopy techniques, researchers at Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University in Sweden have visualized in unprecedented detail the machinery that the cells powerhouses, the mitochondria, use to form their proteins. The results, which are published in Nature, raise hopes of more specific antibiotics and new cancer drugs in the future.

The mitochondria are the cells powerhouses that convert energy locked in our food into a functional energy currency for the cells. They also have their own protein synthesis factories called ribosomes, which have a different appearance to those found in the cellular cytoplasm. However, little has been known about how the mitochondrial ribosomes are produced until now.

We were hoping to obtain a single snapshot of the mitoribosomal large subunit assembly, but our data revealed much more unexpected surprises, says the studys joint first author Anas Khawaya, postdoc at the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet. These observations present opportunities to discover the full extent of crosstalk between mitoribosomal assembly and other aspects of mitochondrial function.

Using a technique called cryogenic electron microscopy, the researchers were able to depict important key players of the complex machinery that manufactures ribosomes. One finding was that a component called ribosome-binding factor A (RBFA) orchestrates the process. The ribosome is made up of two halves, not unlike a hamburger bun. The researchers analyses show that a protein called mS37 signals that these two parts can be joined and are ready to start protein synthesis.

Clinical potential

The results are an example of basic cell biology research, but the new knowledge can also give rise to medical advances, such as more targeted antibiotics. Mitochondria are similar to bacteria and the antibiotics that currently attack a bacteriums ability to form proteins also affect our mitochondria.

Whilst the mechanisms of bacterial and cytosolic translation have been studied for decades, we are only now starting to uncover how mitochondria produce proteins, says Joanna Rorbach, principal researcher and group leader at the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet. Understanding the differences between how bacteria and mitochondria produce their ribosomes could allow us to design better and more targeted antibiotics.

The study has been led by Joanna Rorbach together with Alexey Amunts and his research group at the Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics at Stockholm University.

Cancer is another future target. Unlike healthy cells, cancer cells grow quickly and divide often, a process that requires the formation of a large number of new proteins.

One possible approach is to actively inhibit the cancer cells mitochondrial ribosomes, Joanna Rorbach says.

The study was supported by grants from the Max Planck Society, the Swedish Research Council, the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, the European Research Council, the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research, the Marie Sklodowska Curie Initiative and Karolinska Institutet.

Publication: Mechanism of mitoribosomal small unit biogenesis and preinitiation. Yuzuru Itoh, Anas Khawaja, Ivan Laptev, Miriam Cipullo, Ilian Atanassov, Petr Sergiev, Joanna Rorbach and Alexey Amunts. Nature, online June 8, 2022, doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-04795-x

Cells

Mechanism of mitoribosomal small unit biogenesis and preinitiation

8-Jun-2022

Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.

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Unique insight into the inner workings of our cellular powerplants - EurekAlert

Biochemistry

Scope of Caesalpinia Spinosa Gum Industry 2022-2028: Market Analysis with Trends and Opportunities | Polygal, JRS Rettenmaier, Mibelle Biochemistry,…

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The analyst studied various companies like Polygal, JRS Rettenmaier, Mibelle Biochemistry, The Herbarie, Provital, Seppic, etc. to understand the products and/services relevant to the Caesalpinia Spinosa Gum market. The report includes information such as gross revenue, production and consumption, average product price, and market shares of key players. Other factors such as competitive analysis and trends, mergers & acquisitions, and expansion strategies have been included in the report. This will enable the existing competitors and new entrants to understand the competitive scenario to plan future strategies.

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Scope of Caesalpinia Spinosa Gum Industry 2022-2028: Market Analysis with Trends and Opportunities | Polygal, JRS Rettenmaier, Mibelle Biochemistry,...

Biochemistry

High school caddy getting full scholarship to the University of Wisconsin – WISN Milwaukee

Sarah Teske has played golf much of her life but it's walking alongside golfers that's landed her a full ride to college.I will be going to the University of Wisconsin-Madison. My plan right now is to double major in biochemistry and genetics," Teske said.It's all covered by the Evans Scholarship. A scholarship from Evans is a full four-year room/tuition scholarship, said Michael George, the Evans Scholarship Foundation Director.The foundation helps high school caddies who have good grades and need financial assistance. This is a terrific platform to take kids to go onto a four-year scholarship, which might not always be available to them, added George. "There are more 30 golf courses across the state of Wisconsin just like Big Foot Country Club -- they all have caddying programs that support the Evans Scholarship."Sarah is one of 21 Wisconsin Evans Scholars this year. "It has greatly helped both myself and my family financially, but not only that but its just been an awesome experience that Ill never be Ill be eternally grateful for, Teske said.Living with a rare syndrome that delays growth, the Badger High grad wants to become a pediatric doctor."I really felt in my heart that I wanted to help kids like me & their families," Teske said.

Sarah Teske has played golf much of her life but it's walking alongside golfers that's landed her a full ride to college.

I will be going to the University of Wisconsin-Madison. My plan right now is to double major in biochemistry and genetics," Teske said.

It's all covered by the Evans Scholarship.

A scholarship from Evans is a full four-year room/tuition scholarship, said Michael George, the Evans Scholarship Foundation Director.

The foundation helps high school caddies who have good grades and need financial assistance.

This is a terrific platform to take kids to go onto a four-year scholarship, which might not always be available to them, added George. "There are more 30 golf courses across the state of Wisconsin just like Big Foot Country Club -- they all have caddying programs that support the Evans Scholarship."

Sarah is one of 21 Wisconsin Evans Scholars this year.

"It has greatly helped both myself and my family financially, but not only that but its just been an awesome experience that Ill never be Ill be eternally grateful for, Teske said.

Living with a rare syndrome that delays growth, the Badger High grad wants to become a pediatric doctor.

"I really felt in my heart that I wanted to help kids like me & their families," Teske said.

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High school caddy getting full scholarship to the University of Wisconsin - WISN Milwaukee

Biochemistry

Osmania University Recruitment 2022: Applications invited for 7 Project Assistant and other posts- Details – Times Now

Osmania University Recruitment 2022

Candidates are advised to check their educational qualifications for the post they are applying for. As a basic, M. Sc in concerned subject / Life science with a minimum of 60% marks is compulsory. Candidates will be required to appear for an interview as a part of the selection process. Upper age limit for all three posts in 35 years.

OU Recruitment 2022: Required subjects

For the post of Project Assitant and Project Associate, the following subjects are required: Biochemistry/ Genetics / Biotechnology/Microbiology/Molecular Biology/ Medical Biology

For Project Associate 2 folowing subjects are required: Bioinformatics/Genomic Data analysis/Biochemistry/ Genetics / Biotechnology/Microbiology/ Molecular Biology/ Medical Biology

OU Recruitment 2022: Application Process

Selected candidates will be informed through email and called for an interview to be held at Deans office, UCS, Osmania University.

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Osmania University Recruitment 2022: Applications invited for 7 Project Assistant and other posts- Details - Times Now

Biochemistry

Department of Biochemistry | College of Natural & Agricultural Sciences

How do basic principles foster life? We believe the answer can be found at the intersection of chemistry, physics, and biologyin other words, biochemistry. The Department of Biochemistry at UC Riverside is dedicated to the elucidation of these principles. With our world-class faculty, enthusiastic graduate students, and promising undergraduates, we aim to sharpen minds and foster curiosity that lends itself to high-quality research. Our department, and the rest of UC Riverside, is in a current period of growth, and we would love for you to be a part of this positive change.

Biochemistry Faculty at UC Riverside specialize in a variety of subfields of biochemistry, including Structural Biology, Enzymology, Plant Biochemistry, and Biomedical Research. A strong dedication to interdepartmental collaboration and cooperation among faculty allows our graduate students the flexibility to pursue their interests. With an extensive group of cooperative faculty across the College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Bourns School of Engineering, and the UCR School of Medicine, it is our hope that our students can work at the intersection of various fields to pursue cutting-edge research in their search for answers to the most fundamental principles of biology.

Our program hosts a large number of undergraduate students every year, who can choose a biochemistry major focused in chemistry, biology, or medical sciences. To encourage involvement in the field from students of all walks of life, UC Riverside offers various competitive research programs aimed toward minority and economically disadvantaged students. In addition, a high percentage of our undergraduates find that they qualify for student aid covering up to their entire tuitionbecause we believe that money should not bar anyone from seeking a higher education.

I hope that this website will serve as a helpful resource for potential or current students, staff, visiting scholars and donors.

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Department of Biochemistry | College of Natural & Agricultural Sciences