Category Archives: Immunology

Immunology

Plasma Fractionation Market Worth $46.9 Billion by 2029- Market Size, Share, Forecasts, & Trends Analysis Report with COVID-19 Impact by…

REDDING, Calif., Sept. 22, 2022 /PRNewswire/ -- According to a new market research report, 'Plasma Fractionation Marketby Product [Immunoglobulins (Intravenous, Subcutaneous), Coagulation Factors, Albumin], Application (Immunology, Hematology, Neurology), and End User (Hospital, Clinical Research Lab, Academic Institutes) - Forecast to 2029', published by Meticulous Research, the Plasma Fractionation market is projected to reach $46.9 billion by 2029, at a CAGR of 7.1% from 2020 to 2029.

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Blood plasma is a vital component of certain medical treatments for rare diseases and has no substitutes. As a result, its demand is rising globally. Many treatments are plasma intensive and require millions of liters of plasma annually. For instance, the treatment of hemophilia may require the yield of as many as 1,200 donations annually. In addition to the growing prevalence of blood disorders like hemophilia, the growing use of immunoglobulins in various therapeutic areas and the expansion of plasma collection centers are some factors driving the market. The number of plasma collection centers is rising, particularly in the U.S., as the country allows two plasma donations a week, unlike other countries that have banned more than one donation a week. Market players such as Grifols, S.A. (Spain) have expanded their plasma collection centers from 171 in 2016 to 344 as of 2021.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, U.S. FDA gave an emergency use authorization (EUA) for convalescent plasma therapy with high antibody levels to treat COVID-19. Thus, the demand for plasma increased amid the pandemic, positively impacting the market. Globally, Asia-Pacific has the highest number of plasma collection centers; however, the throughput is low at around 27%. Though the U.S. has fewer plasma collection centers than Europe, its throughput is high.

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The plasma fractionation market is segmented by product [Immunoglobulins (IVIg, SCIg, and IMIg), Coagulation Factors, Albumin, Protease Inhibitors, and Other Products), Application (Immunology, Hematology, Neurology, Critical Care, Hematology-oncology, Rheumatology & Orthopedics, and Others), End User (Hospitals & Clinics, Clinical Research Laboratories, and Academic & Research Institutes), and geography. The study also evaluates industry competitors and analyzes the regional and country-level markets.

Based on product, the plasma fractionation market is segmented into immunoglobulins, coagulation factors/concentrates, albumin, and protease inhibitors. The immunoglobulins segment is expected to register the highest CAGR during the forecast period. The growing focus of the market players on expanding their plasma collection and IgG production facilities are the key factors attributing to the market growth. For instance, in February 2020, Grifols, S.A. (Spain) signed an agreement with the Public Investment Fund of Saudi Arabia (PIF) to build a network of plasma collection centers and other facilities for the production of plasma medicines, including a plasma fractionation plant and a purification plant, in Saudi Arabia.

Based on end user, in 2022, the hospitals & clinics segment is expected to account for the largest share of the plasma fractionation market. The high demand for plasma-based products in multiple therapy areas and hospitals & clinics being the primary healthcare service contribute to the large market share of this segment. Many hospitals do not have a regular influx of people with hemophilia or other blood disorders; they still need to keep 4060 days of plasma inventory on hand at all times.

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Based on geography, in 2022, North America is expected to account for the largest share of the global plasma fractionation market. The highest number of plasma collection centers in the U.S. is a key factor for the large market share of this region. Additionally, with over 450 centers, most plasma collection centers are concentrated in the U.S. and Europe.However, Asia Pacific is expected to grow at the fastest CAGR during the forecast period.

The report also includes an extensive assessment of the product portfolio, geographic analysis, and key strategic developments adopted by leading market participants in the industry in the last 3 years (20202022). The Plasma Fractionation market has witnessed a number of product launches, approvals, agreements, partnerships, collaborations, expansions, and acquisitions in recent years. For instance, in April 2020, Grifols, S.A. (Spain) launched its HyperRAB (3-mL 900-IU) for the treatment of rabies post-exposure prophylaxis.

Some of the key players operating in this market are CSL Limited (Australia), Grifols, S.A. (Spain), Octapharma AG (Switzerland), Kedrion S.p.A. (Italy), Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited (Japan), China Biologic Products Holdings, Inc. (China), Bio Products Laboratory Limited (BPL) (U.K.), Intas Pharmaceuticals Ltd. (India), LFB Group (France), ADMA Biologics, Inc. (U.S.), SK Plasma (South Korea), and GC Biopharma Corp. (South Korea).

To gain more insights into the market with a detailed table of content and figures, click here:https://www.meticulousresearch.com/product/plasma-fractionation-market-5117

Scope of the Report:

Plasma Fractionation Market, by Product

Coagulation Factors

Albumin

Protease Inhibitors

Other Products

Note: Other plasma-derived products include fibrin, sealant, and plasma

Plasma Fractionation Market, by Application

Note: Other applications include the management of respiratory diseases and wound healing.

Plasma Fractionation Market, by End User

Plasma Fractionation Market, by Geography

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About Meticulous Research

Meticulous Research was founded in 2010 and incorporated as Meticulous Market Research Pvt. Ltd. in 2013 as a private limited company under the Companies Act, 1956. Since its incorporation, the company has become the leading provider of premium market intelligence in North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East & Africa.

The name of our company defines our services, strengths, and values. Since the inception, we have only thrived to research, analyze, and present the critical market data with great attention to details. With the meticulous primary and secondary research techniques, we have built strong capabilities in data collection, interpretation, and analysis of data including qualitative and quantitative research with the finest team of analysts. We design our meticulously analyzed intelligent and value-driven syndicate market research reports, custom studies, quick turnaround research, and consulting solutions to address business challenges of sustainable growth.

Contact:Mr.Khushal BombeMeticulous Market Research Inc.1267WillisSt,Ste200 Redding,California,96001, U.S.USA: +1-646-781-8004Europe : +44-203-868-8738APAC: +91 744-7780008Email-sales@meticulousresearch.comVisit Our Website:https://www.meticulousresearch.com/Connect with us on LinkedIn-https://www.linkedin.com/company/meticulous-researchContent Source: https://www.meticulousresearch.com/pressrelease/366/plasma-fractionation-market-2029

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Immunology

Unhealthy Gut Helps Breast Cancer Spread, Research Reveals – UVA Health Newsroom

Melanie Rutkowski, PhD, of the UVA School of Medicine and the UVA Cancer Center, studies how gut health affects breast cancer and its spread.

An unhealthy gut triggers changes in normal breast tissue that helpsbreast cancerspread to other parts of the body, new research from UVA Cancer Center reveals.

The gut microbiome the collection of microbes that naturally live inside us can be disrupted by poor diet, long-term antibiotic use, obesity or other factors. When this happens, the ailing microbiome reprograms important immune cells in healthy breast tissue, called mast cells, to facilitate cancers spread, UVA Healths new discovery shows.

The finding could help scientists develop ways to keep breast cancer from metastasizing (spreading to other parts of the body). When it does, it is often deadly: Only 29% of women with metastatic breast cancer survive five years; for men with metastatic breast cancer, that figure is just 22%.

The discovery could also let doctors predict which patients are at greatest risk of cancer recurrence after treatment, the UVA scientists say.

We show gut commensal dysbiosis, an unhealthy and inflammatory gut microbiome, systemically changes the mammary tissues of mice that do not have cancer. The tissue changes enhance infiltration of mast cells that, in the presence of a tumor, facilitate breast tumor metastasis, said researcher Melanie R. Rutkowski, PhD, of UVA Cancer Center and the University of Virginia School of Medicine. Mast cells recruited into the tissue environment during dysbiosis restructure the tissue architecture in such a way that tumor cells metastasize to other organs.

Rutkowski has been a pioneer in unveiling the surprising relationship between gut health and breast cancer. Her latest work reveals complex interactions between our gut microbes and mast cells in the breast. Mast cells are blood cells which help regulate the bodys immune response to disease and allergens. Rutkowskis new work suggests that the gut microbiome can systemically influence mast cell behavior and function in the presence of tumors.

Rutkowski and her team found that an unhealthy microbiome caused the mast cells to accumulate in the breast. These changes continued after tumor formation in a mouse model of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, making the breast tissue a prime launching ground for the cancers incursions into other parts of the body.

Further, the scientists found that the mast cells increased the amount of collagen in the mices breast tissue and spurred earlier cancer spread. Blocking the process that led to mast-cell accumulation prevented both, significantly reducing tumor spread to the lungs.

Based on their lab results, the researchers examined tissue samples taken from human patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. They found these patients, like the mice, had increased numbers of mast cells and increased deposits of collagen. The numbers of mast cells correlated with the amount of collagen and, notably, the patients risk for a recurrence of breast cancer.

Mast cells have had a controversial role in breast cancer, with some studies identifying a positive correlation with outcome while others have identified negative associations, said Rutkowski, of UVAsDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology. Our investigation suggests that to better define the relationship between mast cells and risk for breast tumor metastasis, we should consider the mast cell functional attributes, tissue collagen density and mast cell location with respect to the tumor.

Ultimately, she says, doctors may be able to target the gut-mast cell relationship in patients with breast cancer to help prevent the cancer from recurring and spreading. They also may be able to use the discovery to identify patients at risk for recurrence, allowing them to tailor the treatment strategy for the prevention of metastatic disease.

Personalized medicine in oncology is a promising approach to facilitate better outcomes for patients, said researcher Tzu-Yu Feng, PhD, the first author of a new scientific paper outlining the findings. Our research on the gut-mast cell axis has identified possible intervention points that could be targeted for a customized approach to therapy. The ultimate goal would be to improve survival for patients diagnosed with breast cancer.

Rutkowskis cutting-edge research is part of UVA Cancer Centers urgent mission to better understand and better treat cancer. UVA is one of only 52 cancer centers in the country to be designated as a Comprehensive Cancer Center by the National Cancer Institute (NCI).The designationrecognizes elite cancer centers with the most outstanding cancer research and treatment programs in the nation.

UVA Cancer Center is the only Comprehensive Cancer Center in Virginia.

Rutkowski and her collaborators have published their findings in the scientific journal Cancer Immunology Research. The research team consisted of Tzu-Yu Feng, Francesca N. Azar, Sally A. Dreger, Claire Buchta Rosean, Mitchell T. McGinty, Audrey M. Putelo, Sree H. Kolli, Maureen A. Carey, Stephanie Greenfield, Wesley J. Fowler, Stephen D. Robinson and Melanie Rutkowski.

The work was supported bySusan G. Komen, grant CCR17483602; the National Institutes of Healths National Cancer Institute, grant R01CA253285; and the American Cancer Society, grant IRG 81-001-26. Additional support came from UVA Cancer Center, the BBSRC Institute Strategic Programme Gut Microbes and Health, and Cancer Research UK.

To keep up with the latest medical research news from UVA, subscribe to theMaking of Medicineblog.

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Unhealthy Gut Helps Breast Cancer Spread, Research Reveals - UVA Health Newsroom

Immunology

Report ranks Lakeland one of the most challenging cities to live with asthma – ABC Action News Tampa Bay

LAKELAND, Fla. About 25 million people living in the United States have asthma, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. A new report found Lakeland is the most challenging city in the south for a person with asthma.

Emily Stewart, 21, has had severe asthma most of her life.

As Ive gotten older, my asthma has progressively gotten worse.

Stewart said her symptoms are especially bad when the seasons change.

You just feel like your chest is really heavy. It'll feel like you have something sitting on your chest. Its hard to breathe. Youre wheezing, youre coughing and its just kind of non-stop. It'll wake me up out of the night sometimes, Stewart said.

The Lakeland native uses various treatments to improve her quality of life, including different inhalers and injections. However, a new report from the Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America (AAFA) ranked Lakeland as the worst place to live in the south if you have asthma.

Pollen counts are definitely an asthma trigger, as are viral infections; 80% of asthma exacerbation in children are triggered by viral infections such as rhinovirus and other similar viruses that cause common cold symptoms. Air pollution can be a trigger, said Dr. Kathryn Convers, owner of Lakeland Allergy, Asthma and Immunology.

The study looked at asthma prevalence, emergency room visits due to asthma attacks, and asthma-related deaths. Lakeland came in fourth in the entire country.

Were diagnosing patients newly with asthma on a daily basis, said Dr. Convers.

Dr. Convers said her office has a three-month wait for new patients. The report also examined access to medical care, where Lakeland is ranked 10th for the fewest asthma specialists. Dr. Convers is looking to bring on additional physicians to her practice.

We definitely recognize the greater need in Lakeland for asthma, allergy and immunology specialists, and so we absolutely hope to grow in the near future, Dr. Convers.

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Report ranks Lakeland one of the most challenging cities to live with asthma - ABC Action News Tampa Bay

Immunology

What does the future hold for COVID-19? – UCLA Health Connect

By Sandy Cohen September 20, 2022

If COVID-19 becomes a seasonal virus like three of the four common-cold coronaviruses an annual COVID vaccine alongside our flu shot may offer all the protection we need.

President Joe Biden, in a September statement, even described the new COVID-19 boosters as a once-a-year shot.

But its really too soon to know if COVID-19 will become seasonal, says Otto Yang, MD, a professor in the Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics at the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA.

When a virus comes into the human population, it takes a while before it settles into a pattern, Dr. Yang says. When this hit humans, everybody was susceptible and it was easy for the virus to spread, but once a bunch of people have been infected and/or vaccinated, then its not as easy for the virus to spread and a seasonal pattern will emerge if its seasonal.

Anthony Fauci, MD, the nations top infectious disease official, predicted at a federal health briefing in September that in the absence of a dramatically different variant, we likely are moving towards a path with a vaccination cadence similar to that of the annual influenza vaccine, with annual updated COVID-19 shots matched to the currently circulating strains for most of the population.

Vaccine- and infection-induced protection against COVID-19 wanes after about four months, Dr. Yang says. So if the virus settles into a seasonal pattern, annual vaccination may be enough to reduce infection rates and illness severity during the viral season.

The flu virus, for instance, is seasonal, with most cases arising in the fall and winter. Thus, an annual flu shot that offers protection during the most infectious season prevents influenza from being as deadly as it once was, even though immunity from the flu vaccine lasts much less than a year.

The new bivalent COVID-19 booster shots introduced in September which encode the spike protein of the original strain of the virus and the omicron sub-variants BA.4 and BA.5 currently responsible for most infections were developed according to a similar rationale as the annual flu vaccine. This new booster aims to protect against the circulating strains of COVID-19, just as the flu vaccine is adjusted each year to protect against predicted circulating strains of that virus.

And, like the annual flu vaccine, the new COVID-19 boosters were developed and authorized without clinical trials with human subjects.

The same RNA platform used for the original COVID-19 vaccine was adapted to include RNA from the omicron variant, Dr. Yang says: This is the normal process with the flu vaccine, which changes every year. Moreover, the omicron variants are much more similar to the original virus than flu vaccine strains are to each other year to year, he says.

Its been a while since weve seen a big new variant, says Dr. Yang, noting omicron sub-variant BA.5 has been dominant for several months.

The virus has evolved to be better at spreading between humans, he says, as evidenced by mutations to the binding receptor domain, which the virus uses to attach to a cell to infect. The latest mutations make that attachment process more efficient against human cells, which reflects that it has adapted to humans after jumping species from an animal host.

Mutations happen randomly, Dr. Yang says. And if a mutation is helpful to a virus, that virus will have an advantage and take over, compared to its peers.

Thats what omicron sub-variants BA.4 and BA.5 have done.

Ashish Jha, MD, the Biden administrations COVID-19 coordinator, says that barring those variant curveballs, a once-a-year shot should suffice to protect the majority of Americans from serious illness from COVID-19.

Dr. Yang says hes fully vaccinated but is eager to get the new shot. He continues to avoid crowded indoor spaces, and when he cant, he wears an N-95 equivalent mask when inside in public settings, such as when grocery shopping.

Its not like I completely avoid indoor spaces or socializing with friends, he says. I just try to make sure its risk-balanced, adding that he does see small groups of low-risk friends indoors, for example.

But he opts for socializing outdoors whenever possible, he says.

I still have not been infected, Dr. Yang says. And I would prefer to keep it that way.

Get the latest information on COVID-19 vaccines.

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What does the future hold for COVID-19? - UCLA Health Connect

Immunology

Applications of Flow Cytometry in Veterinary Science – News-Medical.Net

What is flow cytometry?Uses of flow cytometry in veterinary scienceLimitations and future outlookReferencesFurther reading

The last few decades have completely transformed veterinary sciences; for example, the life expectancy of both cats and dogs has increased to a higher level than ever before. Veterinary science not only improves the health and well-being of animals but can also be critical to human health by monitoring and controlling zoonotic diseases. One technique that has been gaining popularity is flow cytometry, especially in assessing animal immunological state and development.

Image Credit: Sergey Nivens/Shutterstock.com

Flow cytometry is a widely used technique in assessing quantitative and qualitative aspects of cells, particularly in hematology and immunology. Flow cytometry uses lasers to produce signals detected and converted into data, giving insight into the analyzed cells. Flow cytometry uses expensive equipment and requires highly trained individuals.

Over the past 30 years, there have been significant advancements in flow cytometry that have allowed it to be more widely used and easier to navigate. It has also become a more reliable and effective tool, making it a more attractive technique in biochemical analysis. This has led to its increasing use in veterinary medicine.

Flow cytometry is used in many parts of veterinary medicine; immunology, oncology, diagnosing autoimmune diseases, quantitation of reticulocytes, drug monitoring, and rabies.

Flow cytometry has played a critical role in evaluating immune function, especially in canines. Through flow cytometry, a subset of suppressive CD4+ T cells was discovered. Some animals that expressed higher levels of suppressive T cells were less likely to develop autoimmune disorders. This discovery led to the conclusion that these cells are pertinent in the mechanism involved in self-tolerance, as they would regulate and limit the immune system, preventing it from over-activating and attacking self-cells. This greater understanding of the role of immune cells is vital in treating different conditions.

One new use for flow cytometry is the pharmacodynamic monitoring of drugs. In some life-threatening conditions getting the correct treatment sooner significantly increases the chance of survival, hence the need for a reliable drug monitoring technique.

Image Credit: Babul Hosen/Shutterstock.com

Cyclosporine, a powerful drug that inhibits T cell production, is used in veterinary medicine to treat inflammatory and autoimmune conditions. Cyclosporine prevents the formation of immune cytokines, such as IFN-Y and IL2, lessening the immune response. Pharmacodynamic monitoring involves observing the effects of drugs and ensuring that it is within therapeutic levels.

One research group has developed a cyclosporin assay to measure its effects on dog tissues and observed two points from those assays; at low doses, the drug suppressed IFN-Y, whereas, at higher doses, it suppressed both IFN-Y and IL2. In this assay, flow cytometry was able to ensure the effectiveness of the drug and identify new markers.

Flow cytometry uses are not limited to treatment but can also be used in diagnosing conditions such as parasitemia (a parasitic blood infection) in dogs. Currently, two main methods are being used to diagnose this; looking at a blood smear and PCR (polymerase chain reaction).

Using blood smears can be difficult as many parasites would be required for the test to give a positive result, therefore; resulting in many false-negative results. PCR, as a technique, is very sensitive; even a few parasitized red blood cells would result in a false-positive result. Flow cytometry is a middle ground between these techniques and allows for a more reliable result.

A new approach to detecting intracellular rabies virus antigens involves using flow cytometry. One of the advantages of using flow cytometry in this field would be the decrease in time taken to confirm a viral infection. Therefore this technique could be critical for industries currently trying to produce rabies vaccines or antiviral drugs.

Image Credit: hedgehog94/Shutterstock.com

Flow cytometry has a promising future in oncology. Acute leukemia in dogs is rarely cured and has a poor prognosis; this is also due to the poor differentiation of lineages of the cells. Classification of acute leukemia into the different lineages would improve prognosis. The traditional methods currently used in characterizing cell lineages are subjective in interpretation and difficult to quantify; therefore, flow cytometry would allow for more developments in this field. Flow cytometry can assess multiple features of large numbers of cells with comparatively objective criteria.

Even though flow cytometry has a hopeful future in many parts of veterinarian science, it has its own set of challenges that need work. Some of the limitations include the high cost of the instruments and the need for highly trained personnel. Flow cytometry also requires single-celled suspensions as aggregates would give false results. However, when looking at the limitations, one must not overlook the uses, and importance flow cytometry still holds. Some information gained from flow cytometry has been used to improve and refine a more quantitatively robust reverse transcriptase PCR assay; this exhibits the vast array of uses for flow cytometry and its significance in future scientific research.

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Applications of Flow Cytometry in Veterinary Science - News-Medical.Net

Immunology

Corbus Presents First Pre-Clinical Data for CRB-913 at the European Association for the Study of Diabetes 2022 Annual Conference – PR Newswire

NORWOOD, Mass., Sept. 22, 2022 /PRNewswire/ -- Corbus Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. (NASDAQ: CRBP) ("Corbus" or the "Company"), an immunology company, announced that preclinical data for CRB-913 are being presented today in an oral presentation at the European Association for the Study of Diabetes 2022 Annual Conference taking place in Stockholm, Sweden.

The data show that in the diet-induced obesity (DIO) mouse model, CRB-913 monotherapy demonstrated a reduction in body weight, body fat content, food consumption, liver triglycerides, and liver fat deposits as well as improvements in insulin resistance and leptinemia. Combining CRB-913 with the incretin analogues liraglutide, semaglutide, or tirzepatide demonstrated significant additive effects across all these outcomes.

"The data presented today are exciting as they demonstrate that CRB-913 is a differentiated CB1 inverse agonist with improved pharmacokinetic properties compared to the first generation of these drugs while still retaining the same efficacy," commented Rachael Brake, Ph.D., Chief Scientific Officer of Corbus. "Furthermore, potentially combining CRB-913 with an incretin analogue into a single therapy could meaningfully enhance the current standard of care as well as expand the number of patients who could benefit from anti-obesity drug therapy."

The EASD presentation is available on the company's website at: 58th European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) presentation on CRB-913 (CB1 Inverse Agonist).

About Corbus

Corbus is an immunology company committed to helping people defeat serious illness by bringing innovative scientific approaches to well understood biological pathways. Corbus' current pipeline includes anti-integrin monoclonal antibodies that block activation of TGF and small molecules that activate or inhibit the endocannabinoid system. Corbus is headquartered in Norwood, Massachusetts. For more information on Corbus, visit corbuspharma.com and connect on Twitter, LinkedIn, and Facebook.

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and Private Securities Litigation Reform Act, as amended, including those relating to the Company's restructuring, trial results, product development, clinical and regulatory timelines, market opportunity, competitive position, possible or assumed future results of operations, business strategies, potential growth opportunities and other statement that are predictive in nature. These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections about the industry and markets in which we operate and management's current beliefs and assumptions.

These statements may be identified by the use of forward-looking expressions, including, but not limited to, "expect," "anticipate," "intend," "plan," "believe," "estimate," "potential," "predict," "project," "should," "would" and similar expressions and the negatives of those terms. These statements relate to future events or our financial performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors, including the potential impact of the recent COVID-19 pandemic and the potential impact of sustained social distancing efforts, on our operations, clinical development plans and timelines, which may cause actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Such factors include those set forth in the Company's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Prospective investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this press release. The Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

INVESTOR CONTACT:

Corbus Investor Relations[emailprotected]

SOURCE Corbus Pharmaceuticals

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Immunology

Aspect Biosystems Appoints Three New Board Members – Business Wire

VANCOUVER, British Columbia--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Aspect Biosystems, a biotechnology company pioneering the development of bioprinted tissue therapeutics to transform how we treat disease, is pleased to announce the appointment of three new members to its Board of Directors: Dr. Nancy Krieger, Dr. Don Haut, and Dr. Devyn Smith.

I am excited to extend a warm welcome to Nancy, Don, and Devyn as they join Aspects Board of Directors, said Tamer Mohamed, Chief Executive Officer, Aspect Biosystems. Each of them brings substantial experience in regenerative medicine and we are thrilled to have them join our mission as we move towards the next stage of growth.

About Aspects New Board Members

Dr. Nancy Krieger is the Chief Medical Officer of Talaris Therapeutics, a recently public late-clinical stage cell therapy biotech. She has over 18 years of global experience in the biopharmaceutical industry, including leadership positions at Bristol Myers Squibb and Novartis in areas spanning solid organ and stem cell transplantation, immunology, rare disorders, and chronic kidney and liver diseases. Before joining industry, Dr. Krieger had an active practice in liver transplantation as well as a basic science laboratory. She completed her transplant fellowship at the University of Wisconsin and general surgical residency at Stanford University, including a postdoctoral fellowship in Stanfords immunology department. Dr. Krieger earned her MD at Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons.

I am thrilled to be joining the Board of Aspect Biosystems, said Dr. Nancy Krieger. As a transplant surgeon I am passionate about the tremendous potential of Aspects 3D bioprinting technology for regenerative cellular therapies, with the ultimate possibility of replacing organ transplants without the need for life-long immunosuppression.

Dr. Don Haut is currently the CEO of Carmine Therapeutics, a discovery-stage, non-viral gene therapy company with operations in Boston and Singapore. Throughout his career, Dr. Haut has completed transactions exceeding $8 billion. As Chief Business Officer of AskBio, he led the firms business development activities and spearheaded AskBios $4 billion acquisition by Bayer AG. Originally trained as a molecular biologist before joining McKinsey, Dr. Haut has since held senior business roles at 3M Company, Smith & Nephew, The Medicines Company, Promedior, Histogenics, Sherlock Bio, and AskBio. He earned his PhD in Molecular Biology from the Medical School at the University of Missouri-Columbia, and an MBA from Washington Universitys Olin School of Business.

When I first learned about what Aspect Biosystems was doing, my first thought was Wow! said Dr. Don Haut. My second thought was it would be great to work with those folks they are really onto something. So, I am delighted to be joining Aspect the team, the technology, and the mission are all outstanding."

Dr. Devyn Smith joined Arbor Biotechnologies as CEO in 2021 after concluding his role as COO of Sigilon Therapeutics. Prior to Sigilon, Dr. Smith worked in a variety of roles at Pfizer Inc., including COO of the UK-based Neusentis Unit focused on discovering and developing cell therapies. He received his PhD in Genetics from Harvard Medical School. He is an inventor on multiple patents and has published in leading scientific journals throughout his career. Dr. Smith is a board member and officer for the Alliance for Regenerative Medicine, the leading international advocacy organization dedicated to realizing the promise of regenerative medicines and advanced therapies.

I am excited to join the board of Aspect Biosystems, said Dr. Devyn Smith. I look forward to partnering with Tamer and the talented team at Aspect to build a successful company that delivers novel cellular therapies to patients with high unmet needs.

For full list of board members, visit http://www.aspectbiosystems.com/about.

About Aspect Biosystems

Aspect Biosystems is a biotechnology company creating bioprinted tissue therapeutics to transform how we treat disease. Aspect is combining its proprietary bioprinting technology, therapeutic cells, biomaterials, and computational design to create a pipeline of allogeneic tissues that replace or repair damaged organ functions. The company is also partnering with leading researchers and industry innovators worldwide to tackle the biggest challenges in regenerative medicine. Learn more at aspectbiosystems.com.

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Aspect Biosystems Appoints Three New Board Members - Business Wire

Immunology

KSQ Therapeutics Announces Leadership and Board Additions – Business Wire

LEXINGTON, Mass.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--KSQ Therapeutics, a clinical-stage biotechnology company developing therapies to treat cancer and autoimmune diseases using its proprietary, integrated discovery CRISPRomics platform, today named Micah Benson, PhD as the new Chief Scientific Officer (CSO) and announced the addition of a new Chief Technology Officer (CTO), Tom Leitch, to the KSQ leadership team. Dr. Benson previously served as Senior Vice President, Immunobiology for KSQ and has been a catalyst for the companys adaptive cell therapy programs. He will succeed Frank Stegmeier, PhD, who served as KSQ's founding CSO, who is leaving to pursue a new opportunity. Dr. Stegmeier will join KSQ's Board of Directors. Board member Pearl Huang, PhD, is stepping down from the board.

"Micah's work leading our Immunobiology Team has been invaluable in advancing our engineered TIL (eTIL) programs, and his appointment as CSO comes at a critical time, as we move those programs towards the clinic. We're also thrilled to have Tom on board as our new CTO, as he brings deep experience in cell & gene therapy, manufacturing sciences, CMC strategy development, manufacturing operations, quality, and supply chain," said Qasim Rizvi, Chief Executive Officer of KSQ Therapeutics. "I would also like to thank Frank for his contributions to KSQ since the companys founding. Frank's scientific leadership has shaped and guided KSQ into the company it is today, and we're thrilled he will remain an advisor and member of our Board of Directors. Similarly, I would like to thank Pearl for her guidance over the last three years. I wish her the best in future endeavors."

"KSQ's CRISPRomics platform has the potential to change the foundation of how we treat a wide variety of cancers and autoimmune diseases and has already generated multiple high impact programs that are either in or nearing clinical trials. I look forward to continuing to advance our science and leading our fantastic team," said Dr. Benson.

KSQ has made great strides advancing its CRISPRomics platform, identifying important disease targets and pioneering therapies to target them. Im impressed by the tenacity and incredible hard work of this team, and Im energized to work closely with them to realize our goal of developing transformative therapies for the patients that we all serve, said Leitch.

Micah Benson, PhD, Chief Scientific Officer

Micah has over 15 years of academic and industry experience as an immunologist and drug hunter. Prior to joining KSQ, Micah served as Head of Tolerance Therapeutics in the Immunology and Inflammation Research Unit at Pfizer, Inc. He earned his PhD in Immunology from Dartmouth Medical School and was a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard Medical School. He has authored several patents and published extensively in top-tier scientific journals.

Tom Leitch, Chief Technology Officer

Tom brings more than 20 years of leadership experience in cell and gene therapy, biologics, and vaccines. His experience spans manufacturing sciences, CMC strategy development, internal and external manufacturing operations, quality, engineering, tech transfer, and supply chain across a broad range of leading biopharmaceutical companies.

Leitch came to KSQ from bluebird bio, where, as head of Manufacturing, he led the development and execution of the company's manufacturing strategy during a period of rapid growth that expanded the network to include more than ten internal and external manufacturing sites around the world. Before bluebird, Tom held roles at Alexion and Merck. He holds M.S. and B.S. degrees in engineering from Virginia Tech.

About KSQ Therapeutics

KSQ Therapeutics is advancing a pipeline of tumor- and immune-focused drug candidates to treat cancer and autoimmune disease across multiple drug modalities, including targeted therapies, adoptive cell therapies, and immunotherapies. KSQ's proprietary CRISPRomics discovery engine enables genome-scale, in vivo validated, unbiased drug discovery across broad therapeutic areas. For more information, please visit the company's website at http://www.ksqtx.com and follow @ksq_tx on Twitter.

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KSQ Therapeutics Announces Leadership and Board Additions - Business Wire

Immunology

University of Kentucky Equine Research Hall of Fame announces awardees – DVM 360

Esteemed award is an international forum celebrating noteworthy achievements in equine research and individuals who have significantly impacted equine health

The University of Kentucky (UK) Gluck Equine Research Center unveiled the 2022 inductees to the Equine Research Hall of Fame. The winners include Lisa Fortier, DVM, PhD, DACVS; Katrin Hinrichs, DVM, PhD; Jennifer Anne Mumford, DVM; and Stephen M. Reed, DVM.

The scientists were nominated by their fellow peers and past awardees. Nominees may be living or deceased, active in or retired from the field of equine research.

In research, we always stand on the shoulders of those who go before us with great discoveries. This years recipients have made substantial contributions that will ensure an excellent future for equine research, expressed Nancy Cox, UK vice president for land-grant engagement and College of Agriculture, Food and Environment dean, in a university release.1

The success of Kentuckys horse industry is inseparable from the decades of hard work by outstanding equine researchers, added Stuart Brown, chair of the Gluck Equine Research Foundation. Though impossible to measure, it is a unique privilege to recognize the impact made by these four scientists in advancing the health and wellbeing of the horse and, on behalf of the entire equine community, show our appreciation.

Below are the details of each awardee1:

Throughout the past 30 years, Fortier has been renowned for her substantial contributions in equine joint disease, cartilage biology, and regenerative medicine. Her research focuses on early diagnosis and treatment of equine orthopedic injuries to prevent permanent damage to joints and tendons. She is most well-known for her work in regenerative medicine, spearheading the use of biologics such as platelet rich plasma, bone marrow concentrate, and stem cells for use in horses and humans. Additionally, Fortiers lab has been key in strides associated with cartilage damage diagnosis and clinical orthopedic work.

Fortier achieved her bachelors degree and doctor of veterinary medicine degree from Colorado State University. She finished her residency at Cornell, where she also earned a PhD and was a postdoctoral fellow in pharmacology. Currently, she serves as the James Law Professor of Surgery at Cornells College of Veterinary Medicine. She is the editor-in-chief of the Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association and serves on the Horseracing Integrity and Safety Authority Racetrack Safety Standing Committee.

Hinrichs dedicates her career to research mainly in equine reproductive physiology and assisted reproduction techniques. Her focus has consisted of equine endocrinology, oocyte maturation, fertilization, sperm capacitation, and their application to assisted reproduction techniques.

Her 40 years of research have resulted in various notable basic and applied research accomplishments. The applied achievements include generating the first cloned horse in North America and creating the medical standard for effective intracytoplasmic sperm injection and in vitro culture for equine embryo production. She has mentored over 85 veterinary students, residents, graduate students, and postdoctoral fellows in basic and applied veterinary research. Her laboratories have hosted about 50 visiting scholars worldwide.

Hinrichs achieved her bachelors degree and doctor of veterinary medicine degree from the University of California, Davis. She finished residency training in large animal reproduction at the University of Pennsylvanias New Bolton Center and received a PhD at the University of Pennsylvania.

Mumford is a posthumous inductee who received international respect as among the most prominent researchers of equine infectious diseases, specifically equine viral diseases. Her career at the Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, United Kingdom, began when she was deemed the first head of the newly established equine virology unit. Her work focused on the leading causes of acute infectious respiratory disease in the horse, mainly equine herpesvirus and equine influenza virus, and to a lesser extent,Streptococcus equi.

Mumford impacted several of these realms, including developing enhanced vaccines, diagnostics, and international surveillance. Additionally, she helped create research groups in the related fields of equine genetics and immunology.

Throughout Mumfords over 30 year-career, she helped the Animal Health Trust be recognized as one of the worlds leading centers for the study of the biology, epidemiology, immunology and pathology of diseases.

Reeds nominators deemed his as the last word in equine neurology. He is known as among the most prominent equine neurologists worldwide. His list of 180 peer-reviewed publications feature important contributions to equine medicine, neurology, physiology and pathophysiology. He has shared in his accomplishments as a mentor and role-model for hundreds of aspiring equine practitioners.

Reed received his bachelors degree and doctor of veterinary medicine degree from The Ohio State University. He finished his internship and residency training in large animal medicine at Michigan State University.

The UK Gluck Equine Research Foundation will induct the 4 winners into the UK Equine Research Hall of Fame October 26, 2022 at Kroger Field in Lexington, Kentucky.

Reference

Wiemers H. UK Equine Research Hall of Fame inductees announced. UK College of Agriculture, Food and Environment. News release. September 13, 2022. Accessed September 20, 2022. https://news.ca.uky.edu/article/uk-equine-research-hall-fame-inductees-announced-1

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University of Kentucky Equine Research Hall of Fame announces awardees - DVM 360

Immunology

Everything to know about the Monkeypox vaccine | Health – Red and Black

In May 2022, the United States confirmed the first monkeypox case in Massachusetts. As of Sept. 24, there have been 24,846 confirmed cases in all 50 states, including the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website.

Monkeypox virus is a part of the same family as the variola virus, the virus that causes smallpox. Individuals who are infected may experience a milder version of smallpox symptoms, according to the CDC.

The most common symptoms are rashes that initially may look like pimples or blisters, and can appear on various parts of the body such as the face, inside the mouth, hands, feet and genitals, the CDC said.The lesions are often described as painful until the healing phase. The illness normally lasts 2-4 weeks. The virus is rarely fatal.

Monkeypox can be spread to anyone through close contact with a person that is infected. The virus can be transmitted through intimate physical contact such as sex, kissing, hugging or direct contact with infectious rashes, scabs or fluids.

Jeff Hogan, an animal health researcher at the University of Georgias Department of Infectious Diseases, said once a person is infected with monkeypox, the virus begins to slowly replicate to where it spreads systemically in the body. This means that after the rashes appear on the skin, the virus will spread through the circulatory system, which deals with pumping blood through the body, and to the internal organs such as the spleen and liver.

When it comes to creating the vaccine for monkeypox, the process in which the virus is repeatedly grown causes it to be diluted and not as harmful as it originally was, Hogan said. Later on, the weakened live virus is injected into a person as the vaccine.

Once an individual has been vaccinated, the virus will replicate in the body, Hogan said. With the presence of the virus in the body, white blood cells respond against the virus by creating antibodies.

The immune system would recognize that vaccine as something foreign, generating the antibodies response, said Jarrod Mousa, a UGA assistant professor in the Department of Infectious Diseases. The antibodies would then create a long lasting protection against monkeypox and smallpox.

With the shortage of vaccine availability, the vaccines are given with a decrease in the dosage.

Overall, the decrease in dosage may be beneficial to the individual getting vaccinated as it also decreases the number of adverse effects, Hogan said, but the person needs to have enough of the virus particles in order for the antibodies to be created.

The decrease in dosage has led to the monkeypox vaccine being administered two different ways: subcutaneously, where the vaccine is inserted in a layer of fat between the skin and muscle, and intradermally, where the vaccine is injected into the top layer of the skin, according to the CDC.

Rama Amara, a professor at Emory Universitys vaccine center and department of microbiology and immunology, said injecting the vaccine into the skin and giving a lower dose of it could produce an immune response. There are different kinds of cells in the skin that trigger the white blood cells to make antibodies.

In comparison to the COVID-19 virus, the monkeypox vaccine is a live virus while the COVID-19 dealt with an mRNA vaccine, Mousa said. The COVID-19 vaccine uses messenger RNA as its genetic material but the vaccines are only the instructions for making a part of the virus, meaning that the live virus is not injected.

According to Mousa, with monkeypox, once the individual is vaccinated, the DNA of the live virus gives instructions to the cells on how to make more of it. The virus has proteins on its surface and contains DNA on the inside to store its genetic material.

For individuals who are planning to get vaccinated, it is important to look at risk factors, Amara said. We need to think about people with HIV [and who had a] transplant; these are more vulnerable people. So we need to see if we are going to see an increased infection among these people, Amara said.

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Everything to know about the Monkeypox vaccine | Health - Red and Black